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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Physical Activity
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Bodily movement that is produced by the contraction of skeletal muscle and that substantially increases energy expenditure
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Exercise
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A type of physical activity; planned, structured, and repetitive bodily movement done to improve or maintain one or more components of physical fitness
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Physical Fitness
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multidimensional concept that has been defined as a set of attributes that people possess or achieve that related to the ability to perform physical activity, and is comprised of skill-related, health-related, and physiologic components
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Skill-Related Components
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Agility, balance, coordination, speed, power, and reaction time
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Health-Related Components
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Cardiovascular endurance, muscular endurance, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility and body composition
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Metabolic Fitness
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The status of metabolic systems and variable predictive of the risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease
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Morphologic Fitness
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The status of body compositional factors such as body circumference, body fat content, and regional fat distribution
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Bone Integrity
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The status of bone mineral density
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Benefits of Regular PA and/or Exercise
Improvement in Cardiovascular and Respiratory Function |
Increased maximal oxygen uptake, decreased minute ventilation, decreased myocardial oxygen cost, decreased heart rate and blood pressure, increased capillary density in skeletal muscle, increased exercise threshold for accumulation of lactic acid buildup, increased exercise threshold for the onset of disease signs and symptoms
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Benefits of Regular PA and/or Exercise
Reduction in Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors |
Reduced resting systolic/diastolic pressures, increased serum HDL cholesterol and decreased serum triglycerides, reduced body fat; reduced intraabdominal fat, reduced insulin needs; improved glucose tolerance, reduced blood platelet adhesiveness and aggregation
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Benefits of Regular PA and/or Exercise
Decreased Morbidity and Mortality: Primary Prevention |
(Interventions to prevent the initial occurence)
High activity and/or fitness levels are associated with lower incidence rates for combined cardiovascular diseases, CAD, stroke, type 2 diabetes, osteoporotic fractures, cancer of the colon and breast, and gallbladder disease |
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Benefits of Regular PA and/or Exercise
Decreased Morbidity and Mortality: Secondary Prevention |
(Interventions after a cardiac event to prevent another)
Based on meta-analyses, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality are reduced in postmyocardial infarction patients who participate in cardiac rehabilitation exercise training, especially as a component of multifactorial risk factor reduction. Randomized controlled trials of cardiac rehabilitation exercise training involving postmyocardial infarction patients do no support a reduction in the rate of nonfatal reinfarction |
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Risks Associated with Exercise
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Habitual PA reduces the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Exercise only provokes cardiovascular events in individuals with pre-existing heart disease
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Sudden Death Among Young Individuals
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Younger than 35-risk is low because prevelance of occult disease is low; Cause-congential cardiac abnormalities and nonatherosclerotic, acquired myocardial disease
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