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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Properties of Acids
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-taste sour
-turns blue litmus paper red -destroys bases chemical properties -conduct electricity (strong) -Upon reacting with an active metal acids will evolve hydrogen gas |
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Properties of bases
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-taste bitter
-turns red litmus paper blue -destroys acids chemical properties -conduct electricity (strong) -bases feel slippery |
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Acid + Base =
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Salt + Water
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Strong acids and bases..
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(electrolytes)
Ionize completely |
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Dilute does'nt mean _____, and concentrated does'nt mean _____.
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weak
strong |
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Arrhenius concept
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acids produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution and bases produce hydroxide ions in solution
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Bronsted-Lowry model
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acid is a proton donor and base is a proton acceptor
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Amphoteric
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species acts as an acid or base
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anhydrides=
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acids and bases that have water removed
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acidic anhydrides
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-Diprotic Acid
-Triprotic acid |
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Acid dissociation constant
formula |
only for weak acids
Ka= [CA][CB] [HA] |
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The larger the Ka, the
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stonger the acid.
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organic acids are
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very weak
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Oxygens have to outnumber
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the oxygen by two or more.
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Kw constant
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1.0 x 10 ^-14
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Titration-
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Process of determining the concentraion of an unknown substance by use of a standard solution.
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Titration instrument is a
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buret
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Neutralization-
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Acids and bases destroy each others chemical properties
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The products of Neutralization are salt and water. The salt is..
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a cation from the base and an anion from the acid
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Equivilance point-
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when the number of hydrogen ions equals the number of hydroxide ions (when an acid and base are mixed)
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Point at which a color change is noted
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End point
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The point of neutralization is..
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the End point
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Step one for titration problems
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(1) Calculate moles used in neutralization process (MxV)
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Step 2 for titration problems
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(2) Calculate the moles that can be neutralized for the unknown by the given (Stoichiometry, Balenced Equation)
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Step 3 for titration problems
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(3) Go back to formula
(M1V1 = M2V2) and insert calculation for given moles |
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If salt ions (cations) donate H+ to water then...
anions accept H+ from water then... |
aqueous solution is acidic;
aqueous solution is basic |
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Buffers
Examples: |
solutions that resist changes in pH when limited amounts of acid or bases are added
aquariums, blood |
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Buffers can also be
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weak acids and a salt of weak acid
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