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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Commmon mixed disorders
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Aspirin
- Respiratory ingestion (early) = hyperventilation = Respiratory ALKALOSIS - Anion Gap METABOLIC ACIDOSIS COPD and Loop Diuretic - COPD = retained CO2 = Respiratory ACIDOSIS - Loop Diuretic = Metabolic ALKALOSIS |
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Respiratory Acidosis?
Acute or Chronic? |
Resp Acidosis = PCO2 > 40 mm Hg
Acute HCO3- < 30 Chronic HCO3- > 30 |
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Respiratory Alkalosis?
Acute or Chronic? |
Resp Alkalosis = PCO2 < 40 mm Hg
Acute HCO3 - > 18 Chronic HCO3 < 18 |
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Metabolic Acidosis
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Check Anion Gap
PCO2 = 1.5 (HCO3) + 8 +/- 2 |
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Metabolic Alkalosis check compensation
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((HCO3 - 24) x .7) + 40 = PCO2
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Causes of Resp. Acidosis
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HYPOVENTILATION
- airway obstruction - Acute lung disease - Chronic lung disease - Opiodis, Narcotics, sedative - Weakenign of Resp. Muscles (Gullain barre, ALS, MS) |
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Inc Anion Gap Met Acidosis
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MUDPPIILES
Methanol (formic acid) Uremia DKA Paraladehyde Phenformin (metformin) Iron Tablets INH Lactic Acidosis Ethylene Glycol (oxalic acid) Salicylates |
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Respiratory alkalosis
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HYPERVENTILATION
- early high-altitude exposure - aspirin ingestion (early) - Pneumonia and Pulmonary Embolism - symptoms of hypocalcemia |
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Metabolic Alkalosis
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-Diuretic Use (Loop and Thiazide)
- Vomiting (Cl- responsive) - Antacid Use - Aldosteronism (Cl- resistant) Ventricular Arrhythmia - shift O2 curve left and hypoventilation dec O2 - hypoxia precipitates arrhythmia |
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Type 1 RTA
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- distal tubule acidosis
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Type 1 RTA
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- distal tubular acidosis
- defect in collecting tubule's ability to excrete H+ (alpha-intercalated) - Associated w/ hypokalemia and risk for Ca+ containing kidney stone (due to alkaline urine) - Amphotericin and light chain MM tx = HCO3- |
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Type 2 RTA
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- proximal
- Defect in proximal tubule HCO3- reabsorption - Associated w/ hypokalemia - Hypophosphatemic rickets Fanconi's syndrome -> due to ATN (Pb, Hg); inc PTH; CA inhibitor) tx = thiazides |
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Type 4 RTA
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- Hyperkalemic
- Hypoaldosteronia of lack of collecting tubule response to aldosterone - assoc. w/ hyperkalemia and inhibition of ammonium excretion in Proximal tubule - leads to dec urine pH due to dec buffering capacity - Hyaline arterioloscleroisis of afferent in DM - Legionnaire's disease |
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Normal Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
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Diarrhea
Glue Sniffing Renal Tubular Acidosis Hyperchloremia |
