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38 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
The normal value of arterial blood pH is?
7.35 -7.45
A decrease pH, decrease HCO3, and decrease PCO2 is what acid/base disorder?
metabolic acidosis
A decrease pH, increase HCO3, and increase PCO2 is what acid/base disorder?
Respiratory acidosis
A increase pH, decrease HCO3, and decrease PCO2 is what acid/base disorder?
Respiratory alkalosis
A increase pH, increase HCO3, and increase PCO2 is what acid/base disorder?
metabolic alkalosis
The primary ECF buffer is?
carbonic acid/bicarbonate
Compensation with respiratory regulation has this onset and this capacity to reverse pH?
Onset: quick
Capacity: limited
Compensation with renal regulation has this onset, and this capacity to reverse pH?
Onset: slow
Capacity: Great
Anion gap acidosis, lactic acidosis, and hyperchloremic acidosis cause this acid/base disorder?
metabolic acidosis
MUDPILERS stands for what anion gap acidosis causes?
M:methanol
U:uremia
D: diabetic ketoacidosis
P:paraldehyde/propylene glycol
I:isoniazid
L:lactic acidosis
E: ethylene glycol
R: rhabdomyolysis
S: salicylates/sepsis/starvation
What value indicates unmeasured anions in serum anion gap acidosis?
>11
Excess glucagon or decreased in insulin levels are related to this acid/base disorder?
metabolic acidosis
Anaerobic metabolism of glucose can cause an accumulation of?
lactic acid resulting in lactic acidosis
Hyperchloremic acidosis results when Cl is present in?
diarrhea along w/ Na,K,HCO3
Chronic metabolic acidosis is associated with?
bone demineralization
Severe symptoms of metabolic acidosis are?
tachycardia, decrease cardiac output, nausea/vomiting, hyperventilation[compensatory], hyperkalemia
This treatment for metabolic acidosis may be deleterious in lactic acidosis?
sodium bicarbonate
Tromethamine is used to treat this acid/base disorder? and has these ADRs?
Treat: metabolic acidosis
ADR: respiratory depression, inflammation, impaired coagulation, hyperkalemia
Vomiting, gastric discharge, diuretic therapy, hyperaldosteronism, cushing's syndrome, refeeding syndrome are etiologies of?
metabolic alkalosis
Hypoventilation[compensatory response] is this acid/base disorder?
metabolic alkalosis
Acetazolamide is used to treat this acid/base disorder when patient is in HF? and has these ADRs?
Treat: metabolic alkalosis
ADR: low Na,K, hepato/nephrotoxic, NVD
This drug used to treat metabolic alkalosis should be discontinued at pH of?
HCl at pH of 7.5
HCl is associated with this ADR?
hemolysis
ammonium chloride is used to treat this acid/base disorder? ADR?
Treat: metabolic alkalosis
ADR:bradycardia, arrhythmias, coma
Arginine monohydrochloride is rarely used because of this ADR? what acid/base disorder?
Treat: metabolic alkalosis
ADR: accumulation of urea
Anesthetics, opioids, sedatives, seizures, COPD/asthma, pulmonary embolism, aggressive parenteral feeding, cardiac arrest may cause this acid/base disorder?
respiratory acidosis
Altered mental status, seizures, coma are present with this acid/base disorder?
respiratory acidosis
Ventilation is frequently required for this acid/base disorder?
respiratory acidosis
Over administration of ventilation can result in?
depressed respiratory rate
anxiety, catecholamines, nicotine, high altitude can cause this acid/base disorder?
respiratory alkalosis
Decrease PCO2 results in increase or decrease of pH?
increase pH
Increase PCO2 results in increase or decrease of pH?
decrease pH
Confusion, arrhythmias, hyperventilation are present in this acid/base disorder?
respiratory alkalosis
Hyperventilation would cause this acid/base disorder?
respiratory alkalosis
Which organ system compensates for respiratory alkalosis? Onset time?
Renal, slow onset.
Which organ system compensates for metabolic acidosis? Onset time?
Respiratory, Fast onset
A decrease in HCO3 results in increase or decrease of pH?
Decrease pH
A increase in HCO3 results in a increase or decrease of pH?
increase pH