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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What affects pH?
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1. Production - cells going thru resp. process are giving off acid
2. Excretion - excrete acids by breathing faster, excrete acids via urine 3. Buffering of acids -- Hg in blood stream is a buffer |
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Where is the transition from acidemal to alkalemia pH?
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Acidemia - < 7.38
Normal = 7.4 alkalemia - >7.42 |
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If a patient comes in and is breathing very heavy but oxgenating well, what could happen?
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The patient might be acidemic and blowing off CO2
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What happens if you slow down respirartory rate?
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pH goes down b/c hydrogen ion {} goes uo
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What are the normal values for pCO2, HCO3?
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pCO2 = 40 mmHG
HCO3 = 24 mmol/liter |
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Is it alkalosis or acidosis:
resp rate w/ pCO2 >42 metabolic w/ HCO3 <24 |
Acidosis
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Is it alkalosis or acidosis:
resp rate w/ pC02 < 38 metabolic w/ HCO3 > 28 |
Alkalosis
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What kind of medicines can cause alkalosis?
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Ones that contain bicarbonate
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Name 5 acid base Altering events?
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1. Vomitting/Diarrhea - vomit is when you become alkalonic
2. lactic acidosis and ketoacidosis 3. C02 levels 4.Heart failure 5. Plasma proteins - malnutrition, fad diets, dehydration |
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If the number is greater than_____, there is a gap btwn cations and anions
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14
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As you increase minute ventilation, you decrease what?
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CO2 levels
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Which system compensates faster, lungs or renal?
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Lungs are faster
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What does the CO2 number have to be for hyperventilation? Hypoventilation?
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Hyper = C02 less then 38, alkalosis
Hypo = CO2 greater than 42, acidosis |
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What ions help control acid/base?
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1. Potassium
2. Ca 3. Mg 4. Proteins 5. Sulfate 6. Phosphates |
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What are the 4 causes of anion gap metabolic acidoses?
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1. Ketoacidosis - DKA, alcohol, starvation
2. Renal failure 3. Lactic acidosis - twisted bowel 4. Shock |
