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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do ACE inhibitors do? |
Inhibit the concersion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II but inhibiting ACE |
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What is the function of angiotensin II? |
Promoting vasoconstriction through stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system and the release of aldosterone and vasopressin Renal changes- direct renal vasoconstriction and through the action of aldosterone Cardiac and vascular remodelling |
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What is the mechanism underlying the cough associated with ACE inhibitors? |
ACE inhibition is associated with increased levels of bradykinin which causes a dry cough |
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What are indications for ACE inhibitors? |
Hypertension Heart failure (particularly with L.ventricular dysfunction) Post MI Non-diabetic renal disease: ACE inhibitors can lower urinary protein excretion in patients with proteinuria and slow progression to CKD |
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What are the contra-indications of ACE inhibitors? |
Pregnancy Haemodynamically significant renal artery stenosis Hypersensitivity Hereditary and idiopathic angio-oedema Breast feeding |
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In what situations should caution be used with ACE inhibitors? |
Renal impairment Renovascular disease Aortic stenosis Hyperkalaemia |
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What are the important interactions with ACE inhibitors? |
NSAIDS- increased risk of renal failure Heparin, potassium saving diuretics or potassium supplements, ciclosporin- increased risk of hyperkalaemia Lithium- Increased serum levels of lithium |
