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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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325; called by Constantine the Great (Rome); condemned Arianism; adopted
Nicaen Creed |
First Council of Nicaea
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431; called by Valentinian III (Western Rome) and Theodosius II (Eastern Rome); St. Cyril led condemnation of Nestorianism
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Council of Ephesus
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451; called by Leo I and Marcian (Eastern Rome); condemned Monophysitism
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Council of Chalcedon
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787; called by Irene (Byzantine); supported iconoclasm
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Second Council of Nicaea
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1095; called by Urban II; initiated First Crusade; excommunicated Philip I (France)
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Council of Clermont
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1215; called by Innocent III; condemned Cathari (Albigenses) and Waldenses
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Fourth Lateran Council
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1414 - 1418; called by antipope John XXIII and Sigismund (HRE); elected Martin
V over John, Gregory XII, and antipope Benedict XIII, ending Rome - Avignon schism; declared Wycliffe, Huss, and Jerome of Prague heretics; declared council supremacy over the pope |
Council of Constance
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1431 - 1449; called by Martin V; Eugene IV replaced it with Ferrara-Florence Council;
it elected anti-pope Felix V, threatening to reopen the Great Schism |
Council of Basel
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1438 - 1445; Eugene IV tried to reunite Eastern Church under John VIII
Palaeologus with the Western Church; moved to Florence when plague broke out in Ferrara |
Council of Ferrara-Florence
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1545 - 1563; called by Paul III to consider reforms proposed by the Reformation; Pius
IV confirmed its decrees; met in three periods |
Council of Trent
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1869 - 1870; called by Pius IX; affirmed papal infallibility (Pastor Aeternus)
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First Vatican Council
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1962 - 1965; called by John XXIII; promoted Christian unity and reforms in the
church; condemned anti-Semitism; led by Paul VI |
Second Vatican Council
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