Absite_Uro_Gyn_Ortho_Neuro_Oto

Front 1

order of renal triad

Back 1

anterior: renal vein, renal artery, renal pelvis: posterior (VAP bundle)

Front 2

most common kidney stones

Back 2

calcium oxalate

Front 3

risk factors for uric acid stones

Back 3

ileostomy, gout, myeloproliferative disorders (note urate stones are radiolucent)

Front 4

operative tx for testicular cancer

Back 4

orchiectomy through inguinal incision

Front 5

BhCG and AFP levels in seminoma vs nonseminomatous testicular ca

Back 5

seminoma is more common, 10% have BhCG, don't have elevated AFP

Front 6

treatment of seminoma

Back 6

orchiectomy and retroperitoneal xrt (all stages), chemo if nodal disease

Front 7

treatment of nonseminomatous testicular ca

Back 7

orchiectomy, prophylactic retroperitoneal LND, XRT for stage II or above, chemo for stage II or above, resection of mets

Front 8

treatment of extracapsular prostate ca

Back 8

leuprolide, flutamide, orchiectomy; XRT for bone pain, chemo for refractory ca

Front 9

paraneoplastic syndomes associated with renal cell ca

Back 9

erythropoetin, ACTH, PTHrp, insulin

Front 10

risk factors for bladder ca

Back 10

smoking, aniline dyes, cyclophosphamide

Front 11

possible treatments for T1 bladder ca (no muscular involvement)

Back 11

instill BCG, transurethral resection

Front 12

risk factors for ovarian ca

Back 12

early menarche, nulliparity, late menopause, history (tubal ligation and OCPs decrease risk)

Front 13

treatment for ovarian ca

Back 13

TAH-BSO for all stages +/- debulking

Front 14

risk factors for endometrial ca

Back 14

nulliparity, obesity, tamoxifen,

Front 15

treatment for endometrial ca

Back 15

TAH-BSO for all stages +/- debulking

Front 16

vessels injured in subdural hematoma

Back 16

bridging veins

Front 17

vessels injured in epidural hematoma

Back 17

middle meningeal artery most commonly

Front 18

most common pediatric brain tumor

Back 18

medulloblastoma

Front 19

types of Salter-Harris fractures that require internal fixation

Back 19

III, IV, V (cross growth plate)

Front 20

fractures associated with compartment syndrome

Back 20

supracondylar humerus and tibia; calcaneus fx

Front 21

nerve controlling hip adduction

Back 21

obturator n.

Front 22

nerve controlling hip abduction

Back 22

superior gluteal

Front 23

nerve controlling hip extension

Back 23

inferior gluteal n.

Front 24

nerve controlling knee extension

Back 24

femoral n.

Front 25

nerve controlling intrinsic musculature of the hand minus thumb and wrist extension

Back 25

ulnar n.

Front 26

nerve controlling thumb apposition and finger flexion

Back 26

median n.

Front 27

nerve controlling wrist and finger extension

Back 27

radial n.

Front 28

nerve controlling biceps, brachialis, coracobrachialis

Back 28

musculocutaneous n,

Front 29

nerve controlling deltoid

Back 29

axillary

Front 30

dislocation with risk of axillary arterial injury

Back 30

posterior

Front 31

dislocation with risk of axillary nerve injury

Back 31

anterior

Front 32

dislocation with risk of sciatic nerve injury

Back 32

posterior

Front 33

dislocation with risk of femoral artery injury

Back 33

anterior

Front 34

dislocation with risk of popliteal artery injury

Back 34

posterior (need angiogram)

Front 35

leg compartments

Back 35

4: anterior, lateral, deep posterior, superficial posterior

Front 36

radiogrphic sign of osteosarcoma

Back 36

Codman's triangle

Front 37

treatment of head and neck squamous ca

Back 37

I or II (<4cm): surgery OR xrt; stage II, IV: combined modalities

Front 38

virus assocatied with nasopharyngeal squamous ca

Back 38

EBV

Front 39

treatment of glottic ca

Back 39

XRT if cords aren't fixed; if they are fixed, surgery + xrt

Front 40

treatment of lip ca

Back 40

resect with primary closure if <1/2 of lip, otherwise need flaps; neck dissection if nodes positive

Front 41

most common malignant salivary tumor

Back 41

mucoepidermioid ca

Front 42

most common malignant salivary tumor of submandibular

Back 42

adenoid cystic carcinoma

Front 43

treatment of benign pleomorphic adenoma of parotid gland

Back 43

CN7-sparing partial parotidectomy

Front 44

treatment of malignant pleomorphic adenoma of parotid gland

Back 44

total parotidectomy (with CN7) and neck dissection

Front 45

most common bilateral parotid tumor

Back 45

Warthin's tumor (superficial parotidectomy)

Front 46

treatment of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

Back 46

embolize internal maxillary artery then remove

Front 47

Frey's syndrome

Back 47

injury of auriculotemporal nerve; gustatory sweating (crossed sweat/salivary fibers)

Front 48

way to avoid tracheoinnominate fistula

Back 48

keep tracheostomy above 3rd tracheal ring

Front 49

three types of peripheral nerve injuries

Back 49

neuropraxis, axonotmesis (regenerate 1mm/d), neurotmesis (surgery)

Front 50

oliguria, high urine osmolarity, low serum osmolarity with head injury

Back 50

SIADH

Front 51

calculation of cerebral perfusion pressure

Back 51

MAP - ICP = CPP

Front 52

hematoma with lucid interval

Back 52

epidural

Front 53

cranial hematoma with higher mortality

Back 53

subdural

Front 54

shapes of hematomas

Back 54

subdural = crescent, epidural = lens

Front 55

GCS verbal scores

Back 55

5 oriented, 4 confused, 3 inappropriate, 2 incomprehensible, 1 none

Front 56

GCS motor scores

Back 56

6 commands, 5 localizes, 4 withdraw pain, 3 flexion pain (decorticate), 2 extension pain, 1 none

Front 57

GCS eyes scores

Back 57

4 spontaneous, 3 to command, 2 to pain, 1 none

Front 58

Cushing's triad (and what it signifies)

Back 58

HTN, bradycardia, Kussmaul respirations (slow, irregular) = increased ICP

Front 59

neurogenic shock

Back 59

hypotensive bradycardia with warm perfused extremities

Front 60

anterior spinal artery syndrome

Back 60

lose bilateral motor, pain and temp; keep position sense, light touch

Front 61

Brown-Sequard syndrome

Back 61

spinal cord transected 1/2 way; lost ipsilateral motor, contralateral pain and temp

Front 62

Central cord syndrome

Back 62

bilateral loss of upper extremity motor, pain, temp; legs relatively spared. usually due to hyperextended c-spine injury

Front 63

indications for operative repair of skull fx

Back 63

if open fx or if depressed (to ~ thickness of skull or more)

Front 64

symptoms of L3-L4 disc nerve compression

Back 64

L4 root compression (L4 think 4 quadriceps, weak knee jerk)

Front 65

symptoms of L4-L5 disc nerve compression

Back 65

L5 root compression (lift 5 toes, dorsiflexion; mae see big toe hyperesthesia)

Front 66

symptoms of L5-S1 disc nerve compression

Back 66

S1 root compression (Stand on tiptoes, plantar flexion, weak ankle jerk, change in sensation to lateral foot/calf)

Front 67

terrible triad from lateral blow to knee

Back 67

injury to ACL, MCL, medial meniscus

Front 68

radiographic sign of Ewing's sarcoma

Back 68

onion layering

Front 69

staging of ovarian cancer

Back 69

I: ovary only (can be bilateral), II pelvis, III abdomen, IV distant

Front 70

treatment of cryptorchidism

Back 70

orchipexy (improves fertility but not cancer risk)

Front 71

concerning malignancy with varicocele

Back 71

l renal ca (compression of L renal vein which drains L gonadal vein)

Front 72

treatment of bladder injury

Back 72

if extraperitoneal, just foley drainage; if intraperitoneal, need operative 3-layer closure + foley

Front 73

marker for ovarian ca

Back 73

CA-125

Front 74

ligament containing ovarian nerve/artery/vein

Back 74

infundibular ligament