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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Cervical spondylosis is most common at which two levels?
C5-6
C6-7
Degenerative cervical spondylolisthesis is most common at which two levels?
C3-4
C4-5
What are the most common levels of cervical trauma to the young?
C4 to C7
What are the most common levels of cervical trauma in the elderly?
C1, C2
What is Spurling"s test? What is its clinical significance?
Rotation, lateral bend, cervical compression of neck
To identify cervical radiculopathy
What arm position classically relieves the symptoms of cervical radiculopathy?
Symptoms improve with the arm overhead
What is the ideal therapy regimen for radiculopathy? What percentage of patients improve?
Isometric exercises
75% improve
What is the finger escape test? What is its clinical significance?
Spontaneous small finger abduction secondary to weak intrinsics
Indicative of myelopathy
In what two ways does cervical myelopathy generally progress?
Long quiescent periods
Stepwise deterioration
What is Lhermittes sign?
Lightning sensation in arms with neck flexion
What does C4 nerve root innervate?
Scapular muscles
What three roots correspond to reflexes within the upper extremities?
C5: biceps
C6 brachioradialis
C7: triceps
What is the significance of a hypoactive brachioradialis (BR) reflex?
Hypoactive BR reflex = lower motor neuron involvement (radiculopathy)
What is the significance of an inverted radial reflex (IRR)?
IRR: hypoactive BR reflex + concurrent finger flexion
Upper motor neuron involvement (myelopathy)
What is the definition of Torg's ratio? What is its clinical significance?
Canal width divided by vertebral body width
For the identification of congenital stenosis
What is Power's ratio used for? What is its critical value?
Anterior atlanto-occipital (AO)
dissociation
BC/AO.1: abnormal
Compare normal and critical values of Torg's radio?
Normal is 1.0
What three arteries contribute to the spinal cord blood supply?
Anterior spinal artery (two thirds from vertebral artery)
Two dorsal spinal arteries (one third from posterior inferior cerebellar artery [PICA])
The watershed area of the cervical spinal cord is at which levels?
C5 to C7
What are the two classic symptoms of calcified disk disease in a child?
Neck pain
Toricollis
What is the treatment of choice?
Observation
What is the prognosis?
Likely to go on to spontaneous resolution