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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The PTT attaches to the midfoot and all of the metatarsals except?
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First metatarsal
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Where is the watershed area of blood supply within the PTI?
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2 to 3 cm distal to the tip of the medial malleolus
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As the tibial tendon becomes insufficient, into which position doesthe forefoot fall?
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Supinated
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Into which position does the hindfoot fall?
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Valgus
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What other major structure may become tight?
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Achilles tendon
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What ligament becomes attenuated?
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Spring ligament (also called plantar calcaneonavicular ligament)
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What ligament becomes attenuated with rheumatoid arthritis involving the foot?
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Talocalcaneal interosseous ligament
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What are the clinical findings of stage I PTT dysfunction on attempted single 5 leg rise?
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Painful but possible
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At this stage, what are the two nonoperative treatment options?
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Walking boot
NSAIDs |
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If nonoperative treatment is unsuccessful, what is the operative treatment for stage I?
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Tenosynovectomy
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What is the clinical definition of stage II posterior tibial tendonitis?
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Single leg rise is impossible
Flexible deformity of foot |
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What are the two treatment options for stage II?
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Brace
FDL transfer with calcaneal osteotomy or lateral column lengthening |
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Calcaneal osteotomy versus lateral column lengthening: which is more effective? What has a higher nonunion rate?
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Lateral column lengthening is more effective
Also has higher rates of nonunion |
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What are the four contraindications to FDL transfer for stage II PTT
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Hypermobile patient
Neuromuscular disorder (e.g., dysfunction? Charcot—Marie—Tooth) Obesity Age >70 years |
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What is the key clinical finding of stage III PTI dysfunction?
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Fixed deformity
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What is the key clinical finding of stage IV?
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Fixed deformity with arthritis
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What is the preferred surgical treatment for stages III and IV?
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Triple arthrodesis
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If surgery is not possible, which braces may be helpful in stage III and IV dysfunction?
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Ankle—foot orthosis (AFO) (stage III)
Arizona brace (stage IV) |
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What are the two components of the treatment for adolescent supple planovalgus unresponsive to
conservative management? |
Medial tightening
Lateral column lengthening |
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Rigid congenital pes planus is often secondary to what?
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Middle facet coalition
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lf rigid congenital pes planus is recognized in adolescence, what is the
first-line treatment? |
Bracing
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lf bracing is unsuccessful, what does operative treatment consist of?
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Resection of coalition or middle facet fusion
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lf these measures fail, then what is the next step?
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Triple arthrodesis
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ln the adult patient, first—line treatment consists of what?
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Bracing
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lf bracing is unsuccessful, operative treatment consists of?
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Subtalar arthrodesis Or triple arthrodesis
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