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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What do the chronic psychoactive substances produce?
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May produce permanent changes in the reward centers, causing craving for these substances even after withdrawal symptoms pass.
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What does the disease model of alcoholism argue?
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Argues that alcoholism and other drug addictions are incurable physical diseases.
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What do family history and adoption studies suggest about addictions?
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Family history, adoption studies, and twin studies all suggest that genetics may play a role in determining who is at risk for substance use disorders.
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What do studies say about relatives of people with substance related disorders?
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They are 8 times more likely to also have a substance abuse disorder than are relatives of people with no disorder.
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Why are women less prone to alcoholism?
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Because women absorb 30% more alcohol because of lack of an enzyme.
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What percentage of people with alcohol dependency have depressive symptoms enough to interfere with daily living?
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70%
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What is the #1 reason that you should not consider alcoholism simply another form of depression?
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The children of alcoholics do have a higher rate of depression than do the children of nonalcoholics.
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What is the #2 reason that you should not consider alcoholism simply another form of depression?
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Several family history studies have failed to find higher rates of alcoholism among the offsping of depressed people.
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What is the #3 reason that you should not consider alcoholism simply another form of depression?
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Because alcohol is a central nervous system depressant, it can cause the classic symptoms of depression.
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What is the #4 reason that you should not consider alcoholism simply another form of depression?
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Studies show that adolescents who are depressed are not more likely to become alcoholics.
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What is the #5 reason that you should not consider alcoholism simply another form of depression?
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Simply prescribing medication to a person with alcohol abuse is not enough to help him overcome the long term problems.
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What is the #6 reason that you should not consider alcoholism simply another form of depression?
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Depression among alcoholics usually appears once they become abstinent, even without medication.
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What is the #7 reason that you should not consider alcoholism simply another form of depression?
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Alcoholism and other addictions co-occur with a wide range of other physiological disorders in addition to depression.
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What does the behavioral theory of addictions say?
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It suggests that children and adolescents may learn substance use behaviors through modeling.
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What do the cognitive theories of addictions argue?
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They suggest that alcohol abuse be focused on people's expectations of the effects of alcohol and their beliefs about the appropriateness using alcohol to cope with stress.
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What is the behavioral undercontrol?
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The tendency to be impulsive, sensation seeking, and prone to antisocial behavior.
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What happens to people with high levels of behavior undercontrol?
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They take psychoactive drugs at an earlier age, ingest more psychoactive drugs, and are more likely to be diagnosed with substance abuse or dependence.
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What do the reinforcing effects of substances produce?
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The highs that stimulants produce, the calming and "zoning out" effects of depressants and opioids- May be more attractive to people under great psychological stress, particularly those under chronic stress.
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