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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the main feature of MR?
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impaired intellectual abilities
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What is necessary for a diagnosis of MR?
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Limitations in adaptive functioning
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What is the mean and standard deviation of IQ tests?
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mean = 100
standard deviation = 15 |
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What IQ score is the cut-off for MR?
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approximately 70
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What is the Flinn effect?
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IQ has been increasing over time
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What are the four levels of MR and what are their corresponding IQ scores?
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Mild = 50-70
Moderate = 35-55 Severe = 20-40 Profound = less than 25 |
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What are the four characteristics of the four levels of MR?
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Mild = approx 6th grade level academically
Moderate = approx 2nd grade level academically Severe = Communicative speech limited Profound = Often institutionalized |
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1/2 of all cases of MR are caused by known?
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biological or genetic abnormalities
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What is the most common MR?
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Down syndrome aka Trisomy 21
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What is the second most common MR?
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Fragile-X syndrome
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What is fragile-X syndrome?
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a weakening or break on one arm of the X chromosomes
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What is Klinefelter syndrome?
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presence of one or more extra X chromosomes in males
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What is XYY syndrome?
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associated with 10 point lowered IQ
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What is Turner syndrome?
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XO configuration in females
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What is PKU (phenylketonuria)
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a recessive gene pairing which occurs in 1 in 11,500 births. Children are born with normal intelligence but brain damage ensues if not diagnosed and diet adjusted
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What is Hurler syndrome?
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resembles dwarfism, bulging heads, claw-like hands, hunched back
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What are the five biological abnormalities associate with causing MR?
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- RH incompatibility
- Premature birth - Anoxia - Severe malnutrition - Epilepsy |
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What is Anoxia?
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during birth the child does not get the oxygen it needs
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What is the primary prevention treatment of MR?
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- Good prenatal care
- Amniocentesis |
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What is the secondary prevention treatment of MR?
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early social and educational intervention programs
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What is the tertiary prevention treatment of MR?
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early detection and promotion of good parent-child relationships
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What is the normalizing treatment of MR?
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facilitating integration into social activities including mainstreaming
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What are six symptoms of autism that are usually evident by age three?
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- Impaired social interaction
- Impaired communication - Stereotyped behavior, interests, activities - Apparent sensory deficits - Self-injurious behavior - Savant performance |
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What are the four contemporary classifications of autism?
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- autism
- Asperger's disorder - childhood disintegrative disorder - Rett's disorder |
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Twin studies and family incidence studies suggest what is a factor for autism?
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genetics
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What are associated with the best outcomes in regards to autism?
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- language capacities at age 5-6
- higher IQ |
