Abnormal Psychology: Ex 1 Review

Front 1

What is an ancient operation in which a stone instrument was used to cut away a circular section of the skull, perhaps to treat abnormal behavior?

Back 1

Trephination

Front 2

________: the practice, begun in the 1960's, or releasing hundreds of thousands of patients from public mental hospitals.

Back 2

Deinstitutionalization

Front 3

Name the 4 D's

Back 3

Deviance
Distress
Dysfunction
Danger

Front 4

What is deviance?

Back 4

different, extreme, unusual, perhaps even bizarre from societies norms.

Front 5

What is distress?

Back 5

the unpleasant and upsetting to a person. -behaviors, ideas, or emotions usually have to cause distress before they can be labeled as normal. (not always the case)

Front 6

What is dysfunction?

Back 6

-interfering with the persons ability to conduct daily activities in a constructive way. -Behavior tends to be dysfunctional: it interferes with daily functioning.

Front 7

What is danger?

Back 7

posing risk of harm. -behavior may be consistently careless, hostile, or confused.

Front 8

Who was Benjamin Rush?

Back 8

the father of american psychiatry

Front 9

Who was Dorothea Dix?

Back 9

Boston school teacher

Front 10

In the past, who wanted to use treatment to "rebalance?"

Back 10

Greek and Roman Treatment

Front 11

in the past, who saw abnormality as a conflict between good and evil?

Back 11

Europe in the middle ages.

Front 12

in the past, when did religious shrines devote to humane and loving treatment?

Back 12

Renaissance

Front 13

When did asylums arise?

Back 13

the renaissance

Front 14

What procedure was used to cure schizophrenia?

Back 14

Lobotomy

Front 15

What two perspective emerged in the 20th Century?

Back 15

-Somato-genic Perspective
-Psychogenic perspective

Front 16

What did the somato-genic perspective say?

Back 16

abnormal functioning has physical causes. (fatigue)

Front 17

What did the psycho-genetic perspective say?

Back 17

abnormal functioning has psychological causes. (based on studies with hypnotism)

Front 18

What was discovered in the 1950's?

Back 18

Psychotropic medications

Front 19

Name 3 psychotropic drugs

Back 19

antipsychotics, antidepressants, and anxiolytics (anti-anxiety drugs)

Front 20

What led to de-institutionalization?

Back 20

the discovery of psychotropic medications

Front 21

what is a nerve cell?

Back 21

a neuron

Front 22

what is a chemical that, released by one neuron, crosses the synaptic space to be received at receptors on the dendrites of neighboring neurons?

Back 22

Neurotransmitter

Front 23

what is the psychological force that produces instinctual needs, drives, and impulses?

Back 23

ID

Front 24

what is the psychological force that employs reason and operates in accordance with the reality principle?

Back 24

Ego

Front 25

What are strategies developed by the ego to control unacceptable id impulses and to avoid or reduce the anxiety they arouse?

Back 25

Ego defense mechanisms

Front 26

what is the psychological force that represents a person's values and ideals?

Back 26

Superego

Front 27

what is a psychodynamic technique in which the patient describes any thought, feeling, or image that comes to mind, even if it seems unimportant?

Back 27

Free association

Front 28

what is the redirection toward the psychotherapist of feelings associated with important figures in a patient's life, now or in the past?

Back 28

Transference

Front 29

What is the humanistic therapy developed by Fritz Perls in which clinicians actively move clients toward self-recognition and self-acceptance by using techniques such as role playing and self-discovery exercises?

Back 29

Gestalt Theory

Front 30

In what theory is the goal to help clients recognize and restructure their thinking widely used in treating depression?

Back 30

Beck's Cognitive Model

Front 31

Who created the idea of "unconditional positive regard?"

Back 31

Roger's Humanistic

Front 32

Who had "client centered therapy"?

Back 32

Rogers

Front 33

What theory used "here and now" and "i" language?

Back 33

Gestalt Theory

Front 34

Name 3 characteristics of assessment tools:

Back 34

- must be standardized and have clear reliability and validity
-Reliability refers to the consistency of a test
-Validity refers to the accuracy of a test

Front 35

Name 2 types of reliability

Back 35

-test
-interrater reliability

Front 36

What is interrater reliability?

Back 36

independent judges agree on how to score and interpret a particular test

Front 37

Name 3 types of validity

Back 37

Face validity
Predictive validity
Concurrent validity

Front 38

Name 6 clinical tests

Back 38

-Projectile tests
-Personality inventories
-Response inventories
-Psycho-physiological tests
-Neurological and neuropsychological tests
-intelligence tests

Front 39

Name 4 types of projectile tests

Back 39

-Rorschach test
-Thematic apperception test
-Sentence completion
-drawing

Front 40

Name 3 types of clinical observations

Back 40

naturalistic, analog, self monitoring

Front 41

What is axis I of the DSM-IV-TR?

Back 41

most frequently diagnosed disorders, except mental retardation and personality disorders.

Front 42

What is axis II of the DSM-IV-TR?

Back 42

Personality disorders and mental retardation (long standing problems)

Front 43

What is axis III of the DSM-IV-TR?

Back 43

Relevant general medical conditions

Front 44

What is axis IV of the DSM-IV-TR?

Back 44

Psychosocial and environmental problems

Front 45

what is axis V of the DSM-IV-TR?

Back 45

Global assessment of psychological, social, and occupational functioning