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33 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Paraphilias
Unusual objects, rituals, or situations are required for full sexual satisfaction
Sexual and gender variants
Interests that are difficult to satisfy in a socially acceptable way
Gender identity disorder
Strong sense of belonging to other gender; 2 components: cross-gender identification and gender dysphoria
Cross-gender identification
Desire to be or belief that one is of the opposite sex
Gender dysphoria
Not happy/uncomfortable with biological gender
Gender disorder of childhood
Marked preference for the behaviors of the other gender
Better tolerated in girls than in boys
Most boys grow up to be homosexual
Transsexualism
Identifying as the other sex, 2 types:
"Homosexual" - attracted to members of own biological gender
Autogynephilic
Autogynephilic
Transsexual who has a paraphilia where they are only aroused by thoughts/images/fantasies of being female (males only)
Childhood sexual abuse
12% of women, 6% of men
Adult pedophiles often predatory with self-serving beliefs about helping children
Incest
Mating between close biological relatives; brother-sister most common, father-daughter most problematic
Rape
Crime of passion/dominance - likely mixture of sexual and aggressive motivations (3% of males commit 90%)
Sexual dysfunctions
Problems that impede desire for or satisfactory performance of sexual acts, most often caused by faulty beliefs or biological impediments not deep psychology
Ex. erectile dysfunction, vaginismus
Psychosis
Loss of contact with reality
Schizophrenia
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Formal thought disorder - disorganized thought/speech
4. Disturbed motor behavior
Positive vs. negative symptom balance
Schizoaffective disorder
Boundary between schizophrenia and depression/bipolar (psychotic depression)
Schizophreniform disorder
Schizophrenia-like but lasts less than 6 months
Delusional disorder
Tightly organized delusional system and paranoia, not schizophrenia
Delirium
Widespread disorganization of higher processes Disturbance in level of awareness
Sudden onset
Dementia
Progressive deterioration
Characterized by a decline from a previous level of functioning
Episodic memory impairment
Amnestic syndrome
Deficits in recall of recent events
Cognitive functions intact
Often related to substance abuse
Huntington's disease
Early onset dementia caused by autosomal dominant gene
Age of onset = 30s - 50s
Progressive behavioral deterioration followed by death
Parkinson's disease
2nd most common dementia
Depression, anxiety, apathy, cognitive problems, etc.
25-40% eventually show dementia
Dementia of Alzheimer's type
Slow progressive deterioration leading to death
Most common form of senile dementia
Prevalence 25% by age 85
Gradual withdrawal from life, impaired memory, confusion
Vascular dementia
Series of small strokes mimics Alzheimer's in herky-jerky fashion
Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
Loss of function depends on extent and location of damage
Concussions trigger neuroendocrine cascade that can lead to cell death
ADHD
Impulsivity, excessive motor activity, difficulty sustaining attention
3-5% of elementary school children, 6-9x more likely in boys
Stimulants increase concentration, best with BT
Oppositional defiant disorder
Before age 8
Recurrent pattern of negative, defiant, disobedient and hostile behaviors
Not all go on to have conduct disorder, but most with CD had ODD as a child
Conduct disorder
After age 8 (probably had ODD before)
Antisocial behaviors, lying, stealing, disregard for others, animal abuse, fire-setting
Tend to outgrow if onset was in adolescence (early onset has worse prognosis)
Separation anxiety disorder
Unrealistic fears, oversensitivity, nightmares
Overly dependent on parents with excessive worries about separation
Typically fuels school phobia and predicts later panic disorder
Childhood depression
Sadness, loss of interest, etc.
More likely to act out than adults (aggression, fighting, misconduct)
Pervasive developmental disorder
Most profound = autism
Problems in language, perception, motor development, social behaviors
Aloof, indifferent to affection, social deficits
Specific learning disorders
Focused learning disabilities (math/reading) in otherwise normal children
Mental retardation
Subaverage intellect with significant limitations in adaptive functioning
More severe cases show genetic or traumatic factors
Ex. Down syndrome, PKU