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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Paraphilias
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Unusual objects, rituals, or situations are required for full sexual satisfaction
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Sexual and gender variants
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Interests that are difficult to satisfy in a socially acceptable way
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Gender identity disorder
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Strong sense of belonging to other gender; 2 components: cross-gender identification and gender dysphoria
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Cross-gender identification
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Desire to be or belief that one is of the opposite sex
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Gender dysphoria
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Not happy/uncomfortable with biological gender
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Gender disorder of childhood
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Marked preference for the behaviors of the other gender
Better tolerated in girls than in boys Most boys grow up to be homosexual |
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Transsexualism
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Identifying as the other sex, 2 types:
"Homosexual" - attracted to members of own biological gender Autogynephilic |
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Autogynephilic
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Transsexual who has a paraphilia where they are only aroused by thoughts/images/fantasies of being female (males only)
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Childhood sexual abuse
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12% of women, 6% of men
Adult pedophiles often predatory with self-serving beliefs about helping children |
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Incest
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Mating between close biological relatives; brother-sister most common, father-daughter most problematic
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Rape
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Crime of passion/dominance - likely mixture of sexual and aggressive motivations (3% of males commit 90%)
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Sexual dysfunctions
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Problems that impede desire for or satisfactory performance of sexual acts, most often caused by faulty beliefs or biological impediments not deep psychology
Ex. erectile dysfunction, vaginismus |
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Psychosis
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Loss of contact with reality
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Schizophrenia
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1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations 3. Formal thought disorder - disorganized thought/speech 4. Disturbed motor behavior Positive vs. negative symptom balance |
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Schizoaffective disorder
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Boundary between schizophrenia and depression/bipolar (psychotic depression)
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Schizophreniform disorder
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Schizophrenia-like but lasts less than 6 months
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Delusional disorder
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Tightly organized delusional system and paranoia, not schizophrenia
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Delirium
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Widespread disorganization of higher processes Disturbance in level of awareness
Sudden onset |
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Dementia
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Progressive deterioration
Characterized by a decline from a previous level of functioning Episodic memory impairment |
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Amnestic syndrome
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Deficits in recall of recent events
Cognitive functions intact Often related to substance abuse |
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Huntington's disease
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Early onset dementia caused by autosomal dominant gene
Age of onset = 30s - 50s Progressive behavioral deterioration followed by death |
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Parkinson's disease
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2nd most common dementia
Depression, anxiety, apathy, cognitive problems, etc. 25-40% eventually show dementia |
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Dementia of Alzheimer's type
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Slow progressive deterioration leading to death
Most common form of senile dementia Prevalence 25% by age 85 Gradual withdrawal from life, impaired memory, confusion |
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Vascular dementia
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Series of small strokes mimics Alzheimer's in herky-jerky fashion
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
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Loss of function depends on extent and location of damage
Concussions trigger neuroendocrine cascade that can lead to cell death |
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ADHD
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Impulsivity, excessive motor activity, difficulty sustaining attention
3-5% of elementary school children, 6-9x more likely in boys Stimulants increase concentration, best with BT |
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Oppositional defiant disorder
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Before age 8
Recurrent pattern of negative, defiant, disobedient and hostile behaviors Not all go on to have conduct disorder, but most with CD had ODD as a child |
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Conduct disorder
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After age 8 (probably had ODD before)
Antisocial behaviors, lying, stealing, disregard for others, animal abuse, fire-setting Tend to outgrow if onset was in adolescence (early onset has worse prognosis) |
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Separation anxiety disorder
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Unrealistic fears, oversensitivity, nightmares
Overly dependent on parents with excessive worries about separation Typically fuels school phobia and predicts later panic disorder |
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Childhood depression
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Sadness, loss of interest, etc.
More likely to act out than adults (aggression, fighting, misconduct) |
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Pervasive developmental disorder
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Most profound = autism
Problems in language, perception, motor development, social behaviors Aloof, indifferent to affection, social deficits |
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Specific learning disorders
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Focused learning disabilities (math/reading) in otherwise normal children
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Mental retardation
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Subaverage intellect with significant limitations in adaptive functioning
More severe cases show genetic or traumatic factors Ex. Down syndrome, PKU |