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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia |
Delusions hallucinations disorganized speech glossly disorganized or catatonic behavior negative symptoms |
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Loss of being in touch with reality and are characterized by abnormal thinking and sensory processes. |
psychotic disorders |
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Individuals may hear voices, see images, not seen by others, believe that others wish to harm or control them and have bizarre thoughts |
Schizophrenia |
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Delusions |
Beliefs without support for their occurrence and which are at odds with the individuals current environment |
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Positive symptoms of schizophrenia |
Hallucination delusions reflecting a lack of high coritcal control over more primitive brain process. |
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two types of hallucinations |
auditory visual |
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Life Course patterns for Schizophrenia |
Initial phase prodromal phase psychotic phase stable phase |
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initial phase of schizophrenia |
premorbid phase: subtle or nonspecific problems with cognition, motor or social functioning poor academic achievement |
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Prodromal phase of schizophrenia |
initial positive symptoms are seen declining functions last few months to years |
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Psychotic phase of schizophrenia |
positive psychotic symp. seen occurs between 15-45 years of age repeated episodes of psychosis with remision |
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stable phase of schizophrenia |
fewer positive symp. increase in Neg (-) symp stable cog social deficit |
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Positive symp |
not always present most familiar symp seen delusions disorganized thinking disorganized behavior |
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negative symp |
lack of normal human process as poor motivation or social withdrawal result in loss of func. more poorer prognosis avolition alogia anhedonia |
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avolition |
lack of will or making a choice or decision |
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alogia |
lack of interest in talking with others or answering questions with more than one word answer. |
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anhedonia |
inability to experience pleasure |
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4 types of delusion |
Persecution grandeur control one is special ( god or important idividual are speaking with them directly |
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Hallucinations |
most common auditory treats them as real voices convince them to perform an act |
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major subtypes of schizophrenia |
paranoid disorganized catatonic undifferentiated |
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paranoid |
characterized by delusions themes generally center on ideas of grandiosity or persecution greatest possibility of improvement |
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disorganized |
disorganized speech patterns and behavior word salad silly or childlike response are shown randomly odd response to events |
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catatonic subtype |
non normal activity of the motor sys classic symp: waxy flexibility excessive purposeless activity echolalia echoproxia |
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echolalia |
repeating of someones words |
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echoproxia |
repeating of someones movement |
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undifferentiated |
shows signs of schizophrenia but does not fit into any of the other 3 major types |
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Major DDX rule rule outs that may resemble schizophrenia |
amnesia personality disorders dementia bipolar brief psychotic disorder organic brain syndrome |
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biological theories of schizophrenia |
neurodevelopmental disorder genetic component |
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environmental theories of schizophrenia |
influence the developing brain and lead to development of schizophrenia |
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Treatment modalities of schizophrenia |
medication: antipsychotic meds CBT: helping client to understand experience as well as reduce stress |
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etiologies of schizophrenia |
genetic over production of dopamine in the meolimbic system and nigrostriatal sys dilated cerebral ventricles |
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forensic aspects of schizo |
highest crime rates nuisance crimes mercy booking |
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Main clinical feat of anxiety disorders |
unpleasant feelings of apprehension |
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5 types of anxiety disorder |
GAD Panic disorder phobias OCD PTSD |
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Main clinical feat of mood disorders |
withdrawal from social situations, existentialism |
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DDX features of bipolar disorder |
mood changes in two directions 2 extreme phases |
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DDX of unipolar |
one direction mood single episode is recurrent |
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mania |
tremendous energy and euphoria (hallucinations and delusion) 1 week |
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depression |
feeling of sadness loss of energy social withdrawals neg. thoughts of one self |
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major depressive disorder |
depressed mood anhedonia sleep impairment vegetative state cognitive disorders stamina motivation impairment agitation/ anxiety |
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dysthymic disorder |
persistent depressive disorder mild chronic walking depression |
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bipolar disorder |
changes in mood two types 1 and 2 |
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bipolar 1 |
alternation depression and mania |
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bipolar 2 |
more depression, less mania |
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cyclothymic disorder |
mild bipolar disorder mood changes tat are not as severe |
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popular therapies used for treatments of mood disoders |
bipolar: tricyclic COG therapy |
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forensic aspects of mood disorder |
manic phase individuals can commit violent non violent crimes |
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treatment modalities for anxiety |
medication: benzodiazepines CBT |
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GAD |
generalized anxiety disorder incontrollable anxiety distorted rational beliefs and rationalizing/ talking about the would help |
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panic disorder |
recurrent unexpected attacks of intense fear |
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phobias |
fear loathing of subject treatment: counter conditioning |
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PTSD criteria |
stressor reexperiencing intrusion persistent numbing/ avoidance impaired congnition/ emotion/ mood persistent arousal/ reactivity |
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suicide |
most common in depression, bipolar, substance use, personality and schizophrenia in that order |
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dissociative amnesia |
inability to recall important autobiograpical info no adoption of new identity just forgetting of their past |
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dissociative fuge |
sudden unexpected travel away from ones home or place of work with an inability to recall past. |
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depersonalization disorder |
eperience of not eperiencing the reality of oneself feeling detached observing ones self as if you were an out of side observer |
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dissociative identity disorder |
Multiple personality disorder 2 or more alters each with own characters of its own equal weigt aware of one another different ages different memoris |
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malingering |
fake medical disorders for other type of gain |
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factitious disorder |
take substances to creat disorder |
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somatoform disorders |
no medical explanation patients have a history of unexplained sym. what attent. and care from others |
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conversion disorder |
sensory motor deficitys, typically from psychological pn short term between 18-30 hysteria |
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pain disorder |
chronic pn that stated with a psychological trauma humpty dumpty syndrome |
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hypochondrias |
few if any symp person preoccupied with possibility of have serious illness |
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body dysmorphic disorder |
believing that you have a defect in your appearence which makes you feel ugly or unwanted |
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factitious |
creates the symp lie about or mimic symp may hurt themselves want attention affection |
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malingering |
faking for financial gain avoid prosecturion F Fabricate E Exaggeration E Extension m Misattribuion |
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psychological factors that effect medical syndromes |
essential hypertension peptic ulcer ulcerative colitis rheumatiod arthritis broncial asthma graves disease |
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coping with stress and ist effect on body |
commitment, control and challenged problem focused (find a way to fix problem) emotion focused (ways to feel better but avoid prob) neuroticism; neg emotion |
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3 stages of stress |
alarm resistance exhaustion |
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treatments for mind body disorders |
meditation, relaxation biofeedback psychotherapy |
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sleep cycles |
stage 1: drowsy, twilight, easily awaken stage 2: decrease in HR light sleep stage 3: delta sleep , deep sleep stage 4: rebound |
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insomnia |
not enough sleep light levels of sleep increase stress, depression and schizo |
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three types of insomnia |
DFA: difficulty falling asleep MNA: middle of nigh awakening |
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nightmares |
occur in REM vivid sensory images |
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night terrors |
shaking trembling cold sweat occure in SWS |
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enuresis |
bed wetting |
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somnambulism |
sleep walking |
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REM sleep behavior disorder |
REM paralysis doesnt work acts out dream violently |
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sleep apnea |
individual stops breathing at night |
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narcolepsy |
sleep attacks during the day |
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kleine-levin syn |
hibernate gorge on food hibernate |
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alpha delta polymyositis synd. |
intrusions of alpha waves during delta sleep, causes fatigue anxiety stiffness |
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anorexia nervosa |
food restriction and extreme exercise to maintian low body weight obsession with food distorted body image |
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bulimia nervosa |
cycles of excessive binge eating and purging control issues in other aspects of life |
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GID |
gender identification disorder persistent psychological discomfort with ones bio sex |
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paraphillics |
attraction to unusual sexual object or activity |
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fetishism |
excessive attraction to object not considered normal |
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pedophelia |
sexual attraction to childeren hedo: post pubescent ephe": older post pubescent |
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incest |
secual activity with biological bloodline |
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voyeurism |
arousal watching someone else have sex |
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exhibitionism |
aroused by exposing oneself or being watched while having sex |
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frotteurism |
arousal produced by rubbing or touching another person often with your genitals |
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sexual desire disorder |
hypoactive sexual desire sexual aversion disorder |
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sexual arousal disorder |
male erectile disorder female sexual arousal disorder |
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ograsmic disorder |
male ejaculatory disorder premature ejaculation female orgasmic disorder |
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sexual pn disorder in women |
dysperunia vaginismus |
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impulse control disorders |
intermittent explosive disorder kleptomanina pyromania pathological gambling trichotillomania |
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adjustment disorders |
trauma based disorders emotional symptoms in response to a stressor and the reaction is so prolonged it becomes an adjustment disorder |
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types of adjustment disorders |
with depressed mood with anxiety with anxiety and depressed mood with disturbance in conduct with mix of all the first three with unspecified |
