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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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schizophrenia- criteria? |
2+ of the following for a month or longer --delusions (strongly held false beliefs) --hallucinations --disorganized speech (person doesn't make much sense elocutely) --disorganized or catatonic behaviour --negative symptoms (flat effect where they're monotone) --for a period of time, fxning in certain areas of life is way below their highest level achieved before the onset of the problem --history of autism, prominent hallucinations or delusions must also be present for x>1 month |
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DSM-V eliminates subtypes of schizophrenia |
paranoia or general disorganization |
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statistics- schizophrenia |
--less than 1% of US ppl have it --begins in mid 20's for males and late 20's for females --usually has a prodromal phase where person can't accept a change in reality, due to inability to function -varies in course where you can't pinpoint its beginning or end --person has excessive dopamine levels & enlarged ventricles genetic risks ----15% likelihood if 1 parent has it ----50/50 if both parents were schizo --monozygotic twins have 65-85% chance |
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sexual orientation definition & DSM history
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defined- direction of one's sexual attraction and emotional desire for romantic partner --1950's homo/bisexual was in DSM-1 --1973 homo/bi was dropped due to the gay rights movement |
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gender dysphoria; formerly known as? modern day term? |
former, gender identity disorder modern, transgendered |
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gender dysphoria- kids criteria |
a- person doesn't like their assigned gender versus the gender they want for x>6 months, more than 6 of these required 1- strong desire to be a member of the other gender 2- prefers to wear the clothes of the other gender 3- has fantasies about being a member of the other gender, or assumes the role of other gender in playing 4- prefers toys and other activities stereotyped to the other gender 5- prefers playmates of the other gender 6- boys reject masculine things, girls reject feminine things 7- strong dislike for own sexual anatomy 8- strong desire for primary/secondary sex characteristics that match one's wanted gender |
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gender dysphoria- adult criteria |
a-person doesn't like their assigned gender versus the gender they want for x>6 months --more than 2 of the following required 1- incongruence with assigned gender versus the wanted gender 2- wants to get rid of own primary/secondary sex characteristics 3- wants the other sex characteristics 4- wants to be the other gender 5- wants to be treated as the other gender 6- strong desire toward the feelings/emotions of the other gender |
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gender dysphoria- persons stats |
-no "intersex" condition like an ambiguous sexual anatomy that may give rise to such feelings -features that cause distress or impair key areas of other fxning in social life -more common in women -less common in men |
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DSM-V attitude toward GID |
-removed altogether and replaced with --transgender --LGBT --genderqueer --two spirit |
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gender dysphoria stats (men?)(process?) |
-5x more common in males than in females
sex reassignment process --psych screening done to ensure they'll be happy in their new body --hormone therapy and to live as the other gender for 1 year --after= considers surgical alteration |
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sexual paraphilias- definition |
recurrent, powerful and constant sexual urges and fantasies that revolve around 1- inanimate objects 2- humiliation or experience of pain in self or partner 3- children & other persons who cannot consent |
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exhibitionism "flashers"- definition |
-intense urges or fantasies that involve exposure of one's genitals to an unsuspecting stranger - person has acted on the urges or is distressed by not doing it |
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exhibitionism- criteria |
-usually aroused and masturbating during event -more often in males than in females -cultural issue ----men will appear threatening while doing it while women appear playful -usually begins b4 age 18 -person not interested in contact -1/10 ppl who've been caught confess to the urge to rape |
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voyeurism- criteria |
-more than 6 months involving urges to observe an unsuspecting stranger who is in the process of disrobing or engaging in sexual activity -person has acted on the urge or is distressed by lack of action -person has limited social skills, sexual knowledge or problems with intimacy and some sexual dysfxn -ppl usually don't consent to being watched |
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frotteurism- criteria |
->6 months where person likes to touch or rub a non-consenting person in a way the toucher finds to be sexually exciting -person has acted on the urge or is distressed by not doing it |
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sexual masochism- criteria |
-x> 6 months where person has urges in fantasies involving the act of being humiliated, beaten or otherwise made to suffer- usually like to have a sadist -person has acted on the urge or is distressed by not doing it |
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autoerotic asphyxiation- criteria (danger?) |
-x>6 months were person like to inflict psychological or physical suffering including humiliation of the victim which is sexually exciting to the person -person has acted on the urges or is distressed by not doing it -DANGEROUS when combined with someone with antisocial personality disorder -jeffrey dahmer |
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fetishism- criteria |
x>6 months with urges in fantasies involving the use of nonliving objects by themselves or with a sexual partner -person has acted on the urge or is distressed by it -fetishes are not only pieces of clothing used in cross dressing but are also sexual toys -can be stockings/footwear/underwear -only diagnosable if it causes distress or partner issues |
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transvestic fetishism- criteria |
x>6 months where a heterosexual male, has recurrent and intense sexual urges and fantasies involving cross-dressing -person has acted on the urge to cross dress |
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pedophilia- criteria |
a- x>6 month period of having urges and fantasies involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child(ren) b- person has acted on the urge, or distressed by it c- perp is at least 16, or 5 years older than kid victimized ----does not include an older teen in relationship with a 12-13 year old --------works to exclude normal childhood sexual thoughts |
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pedophiles- who are they? criteri |
-data comes from child molesters -low self-esteem -have brain dysfxn -history of being victimized -passive aggressive attitude -have cognitive distortions -classically conditioned to porn |
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pedophilia- severity |
has a continuum of severity (things leading to acts) |
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pedophilia- trapping techniques |
edu value- "what a better way to teach kid sex than to show him" "child deriving pleasure"- kids body will react to sexual touching naturally even if its not warranted "child is provocative and wants it |
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male perp/female victim pedophilia- criteria |
-has few victims -assaults the same victims -perpetrates in the victims' own home -behaviour has occurred since adulthood -typically low income, unemployed psychopath -also attracted to older women and may be married |
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male perp/ male victim pedophilia- criteria |
-can have 100's of victims -regular predators -only offends 1 victim once -stays away from the victim's home -not attracted to adults, just little boys -behaviour starts in teenage years -stable/employed, avg IQ, immature, prefers company of children over adults |
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other paraphilias- necrophilia? zoophilia? cophrophilia? klismaphilia? urophilia? |
-likes to have sex with corpses -beastiality -sexual compulsion involving feces -sexual stim to getting pole up ass -sexual stim to urine |
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premature ejaculation- criteria |
-persistent/recurrent patter of ejaculation during partnered sexual activity within 1 min following vaginal penetration and before the individual warrants it -6+ months in most of the occasions -other definitions ----before partner desires it ----inability to control it |
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male delayed ejaculation- criteria |
-presence of either symptom below in most of the occasions of sexual activity for 6+ months, without the individual desiring the delay a- marked delay in ejaculation b- marked infrequency of absence of ejaculation disturbance causes stress and isn't better accounted for by another medical condition |
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genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder- criteria |
formerly known as vaginismus and dyspareunia -1+ of these for 6+ months a- vaginal penetration during acts b- marked vulvovaginal pain c- marked fear/anxiety with pelvic pain in anticipation, during or resulting from penetration d- marked tensing or tightening of pelvic floor during attempts |
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causes of sexual dysfxn- criteria |
-patterns in relationships -sex being anxiety causing or causes performance pressure ----in one's head rather than in one's body -all this interacting with environmental stress |
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treatment of sexual dysfxn |
-systematic desensitizaiton -hw assignments in gradations- doing degrees of touching or variation via assignment by therapist -sex being made to be sensuality |
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sleep disorders- criteria |
-interplay btwn sleep and a med condition -no longer places causal relationship btwn sleep |
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insomnia disorder- criteria |
-predominant complaint of dissatisfaction with sleep amount or quality with at least 1 of the following a- diff falling asleep b- diff maintaining sleep or frequent problems returning to sleep c- early morning waking & inability to go back to sleep |
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insomnia disorder- other important criteria |
-must happen at least 3 nights a week for more than 3 months -must have adequate opportunity to sleep |
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insomnia- treatment (7 step) |
1- sleep hygiene- schedule 2- remove caffeine & stimulants 3- stimulus control ----bed=sleep ----bed=anxiety from insomnia 4- exercise earlier in day 5- worry time writing (writing about anxiety over sleep) 6- relaxation tehniques 7- turn off lights which are a paradoxical interventions |
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SLEEP model |
S= set regular bedtime L=limit use of bedroom to sleeping E= exit bedroom if not asleep in 15 mins E= eliminate naps P= put feet on floor at the same time each morning |
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hypersomnia- criteria |
a- excessive sleepiness for x>1 months as evidenced by either longer sleep episodes or daytime sleep episodes that occur almost daily b- excessive sleepiness causes distress c- not accounted for by another sleep disorder d- doesn't occur exclusively during the course of another axis 1 disorder e- not du e to physical effects of drugs or other med condition |
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narcolepsy- criteria |
a-irresistible attacks of sleep that occur daily over at least 3 months b- presence of 1 or both of these: 1- cataplexy- brief period of loss of muscle tone most often associated with intense emotion 2- recurrent intrusions of elements of REM sleep in transition btwn sleep and wake, manifested by wake hallucinations or falling hallucinations or sleep paralysis at the beginning or end of sleep episodes c- disturbance not due to direct affects of other substance d- hypocretin deficiency e- ensure plenty of sleep at night f- safety planning to prevent injury g- social support h- 1/2000 ppl i- poor sleep at night i- |
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breathing related sleep disorder- criteria, plus examples |
a- sleep disruption, leading to excessive sleepiness or insomnia related to breathing condition --a- sleep apnea hypopnea --b- central sleep apnea --c- sleep related hypoventilation |
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breathing related sleep disorder, treatment |
ENT's, respiratory therapists, neurologists 1- airway openers 2- surgeries 3- continuous positive airway pressure 4- weight loss |
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circadian rhythm sleep disorder- criteria |
-persistent/recurrent pattern of sleep disruption leading to excessive sleepiness or insomnia due to a mismatch btwn persons sleep-wake schedule require by their environment or their sleep wake pattern -sleep disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in other walk of life -disturbance doesn't occur exclusively during the course of another disorder -disturbance not due to direct physio effects of a substance or gen med condition --types ----advanced/delayed sleep phase type (night owls) ----irregular sleep-wake type ----non-24 hour sleep-wake type |
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nightmare disorder- criteria |
-repeated waking up from major sleep, with detailed recall of dreams that involve threats to survival, security or self-esteem -when they wake up, they're oriented and alert -causes clinically significant distress or impairment in other walks of life |
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sleep terror disorder- criteria |
-intense fear & signs of tachycardia, rapid breathing & sweating during each episode -relative unresponsiveness to efforts of others to comfort the person during the episode - amnesia for episode -episodes cause stress in other walks of life -not due to effects of drugs or other general medical condition |
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sleep walking disorder- criteria |
-episodes of rising from bed during sleep and walking around during 1st/3rd of major sleep -person has blank face and is relatively unresponsive to other to communicate with him/her and can only be awakened with great difficulty -waking up, person has amnesia for episode -within several minutes, no impairment in mental activity or behaviour |
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other sleep disorders'- treatment |
lucid dreaming- realize you're asleep and control dream -meds ----primary care- sleep study ----neurologists- relay CBT & medicine -stress mgmt and psychotherapy |
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