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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the general definition of Abnormal Psychology? What does it study?
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Behavior going against social norms, according to the social context, interferes with individual's lives. Studies both overt (behavior seen by others) and covert (only known by the individual) behaviors.
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The common elements of abnormal behavior include...
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suffering, maladaptiveness, deviancy, violations of societal standards, social discomfort, irrationality, and unpredictability.
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Wakefield proposed the idea of _________.
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"Harmful dysfunction." Meaning harm=distress inability to work etc. Dysfunction= the failure of an evolutionary advantageous function.
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Pathological
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Associated with marked distress, marked impairment in social, work, or school functioning. Significant risk for loss of freedom (via incarceration, institutionalization, or death)
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Why are mental disorders classified?
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Provides us with nomenclature for structuring information. Social and political implications (like insurance coverages etc.) The purpose is to classify the disorder not the people.
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What do we use to classify mental disorders?
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The DSM or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
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Some disadvantages to classification...
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Loss of information with use of prototypical categories, stigma, stereotyping, labeling (a schizophrenic, vs. someone who is suffering from schizophrenia.)
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How does culture impact classification?
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Different cultures manifest illness differently than others.
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What does Prevalence mean? What are the different types?
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Percent of cases in the population. There is point prevalence, which means how many are suffering from it right now. 1 year prevalence, how many people suffer from it in a year. Lifetime, how many people suffer from it over the course of their lifetime.
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Incidence
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The number of new cases of a specific mental disorder that occur over a given period of time (typically one year)
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What is the prevalence for any mental disorder over the course of a lifetime?
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46.4% however this is probably an underestimate. (eating disorders, schizophrenia, and autism not included)
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The most common DSM disorders...
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depression, alcohol abuse, specific phobia, social phobia, and conduct disorder.
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Half of people suffering from depression wait how long until they seek treatment?
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six to eight years, after their disorder has begun.
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Who are the people qualified to treat mental disorders?
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Clinical Psychologist Ph.D, Counseling psychologist Ph.D, and a Psychiatrist M.D
Along with social workers, psychiatric nurse, comm. mental health worker, and school psychologists. |
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How do we study mental disorders?
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Self report questionnaires or interview assessments.
Direct observation. Sampling. Comparison, control groups vs. criterion group(how depressed are they compared to...) |
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Direct observation is done by....
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trained raters, biological tests or imaging techniques.
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Sampling is done because....
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we can't sample the whole population of people with autism.
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Correlational studies are used because...
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the variables cannot be experimentally manipulated.
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