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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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abnormal psychology
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the scientific study of abnormal behavior in an effort to describe, predict, explain, and change abnormal patterns of functioning
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What is psychological abnormality?
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1. deviance
2. distress 3. dysfunction 4. danger (also: depends on *specific circumstances*) |
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deviant
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different, extreme, unusual, perhaps even bizarre
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distressing
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unpleasant and upsetting to the person
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dysfunctional
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interfering with the person's ability to conduct daily activities in a constructive way
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dangerous
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behavior that is consistently careless, hostile, or confused (could put others or self at risk)
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norms
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a society's stated and unstated rules for proper conduct
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culture
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a people's common history, values, institutions, habits, skills, technology, and arts
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clinical scientists
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those who work in the field of abnormal psychology
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eccentricity
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an unusal pattern with which others have no right to interfere; NOT an abnormality
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treatment/therapy
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a procedure designed to change abnormal behavior into more normal behavior
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three essential features of therapy
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1. sufferer: seeks relief from healer
2. trained healer whose expertise is accepted by the sufferer 3. series of contacts between healer and sufferer wherein the healer tries to produce certain changes in the sufferer's emotional state, attitudes, and behavior |
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trephination
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an ancient operation in which a stone instrument (a trephine) was used to cut away a circular section of the skull, perhaps to treat abnormal behavior
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exorcism
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coaxing evil spirits to leave or to make the person's body an uncomfortable place in which to live
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humors
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according to the Greeks and Romans, bodily chemicals that influence mental and physical functioning (yellow bile, black bile, blood, and phlegm)
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delusions
hallucinations |
absurd false beliefs
imagined sights or sounds |
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asylum
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a type of institution that first became popular in the sixteenth century to provide care for persons with mental disorders; most became virtual prisons
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moral treatment
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a nineteenth century approach to treating people with mental dysfunction that emphasized moral guidance and humane and respectful treatment
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state hospitals
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state-run public mental institutions in the United States
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somatogenic perspective
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the view that abnormal psychological functioning has physical causes
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psychogenic perspective
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the view that the chief causes of abnormal functioning are psychological
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psychoanalysis
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either the theory or the treatment of abnormal mental functioning that emphasizes unconscious psychological forces as the cause of psychopathology
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psychotropic medications
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drugs that mainly affect the brain and reduce any symptoms of mental dysfunctioning
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deinstitutionalization
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the practice, begun in the 1960s, of releasing hundreds of thousands of patients from public mental hospitals
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private psychotherapy
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an arrangement in which a person directly pays a therapist for counseling services
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prevention
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interventions aimed at deterring mental disorders before they can develop
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positive psychology
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the study and enhancement of positive feelings, traits, and abilities
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multicultural psychology
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the field of psychology that examines the impact of culture, race, ethnicity, gender, and similar factors on our behaviors and thoughts and focuses on how such factors may influence the origin, nature and treatment of abnormal behavior
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managed care program
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a system of health care coverage in which the insurance company largely controls the nature, scope, and cost of medical or psychological services
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