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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Traumatic |
-Event or experience (possibly life threatening) that overwhelms coping -can be single episodes or ongoing
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Frequency of Trauma |
-74% of women -81% of men |
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Trauma Reactions |
-can be general or specific -can be immediate or delayed -can be acute or chronic |
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Reactions to Trauma: PTSD |
-specific set of chronic symptoms -can be delayed |
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Reactions to Trauma: Acute Stress Disorder |
-same symptoms as PTSD but shorter (can evolve) -happens right away but does not last longer than a month |
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Reactions to Trauma: Adjustment Disorder |
-symptoms seen are less severe, less dysfunction, but disruption in life (with some anxiety, depression, behavioral disruption) is not always due to trauma - life changes can cause this |
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PTSD |
Exposure to significant trauma plus 1. intrusive re-experience 2. avoidance symptoms 3. disruption of cognitive and mood 4. hyperarousal/hypervigilence symptoms |
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1. Intrusive Re-Experience |
Flashbacks, nightmares, intrusive thoughts/emotions |
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2. Avoidance Symptoms |
Stay away from reminders, feel emotionally numb |
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3. Disruption of Cognitive and Mood |
Altered memories, negative emotions, no joy, distorted cognition |
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4. Hyperarousal/hypervigilence Symptoms |
Startle easily, "on edge", sleep and anger problems |
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PTSD Environmental and Social Factors |
-event characteristics (severity, duration, proximity) -available social support -women 2x risk -poverty 2x risk |
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PTSD: Psychological Factors |
-preexisting anxiety, depression, negative world view, distress -coping styles (constructive vs. limited value) -dissociation -difficult childhood |
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PTSD: Biological Factors |
-brains of those with PTSD do seem more reactive to emotional stimuli and less able to settle -early traumas may lead to changes in system that increase risk -genetics: MZ twins higher concordance rate than DZ twins |
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Treatment Goals for PTSD |
1. end lingering stress reactions 2. gain perspective on painful experiences 3. return to constructive/productive living |
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PTSD: Treatment Methods |
-combination of techniques is best and individualized -exposure to extinguish -challenge distorted cognitions -stress management -medication -support -group therapy |
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What is Dissociative Disorders? |
Absence of wholeness/integration -pieces missing or inaccessible at any given time (memory, identity) -not due to injury or disease -have a psychogenic cause |
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What is Dissociative Amnesia? |
sudden loss of (upsetting) personal information (memories) -too much/too significant to be normal forgetting -identity stays intact - know who you are just lose an event |
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Dissociative Amnesia- Localized |
-most common type -just lose an event and surrounding period -identity still intact, bulk of memory is still intact, just cannot access a certain event and surround info |
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Dissociative Amnesia- Selective |
-second most common -lose just parts of an event/time period -remember some events during the time period but not all of them |
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Dissociative Amnesia- Generalized |
-involves retrograde amnesia -forget who they are in addition to the traumatic event -lose additional personal information from before |
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Dissociative Fugue |
-you lose your whole identity (past and current life details) -but not general knowledge -travel or wander (don't know anything about themselves) -follows a stressor -can last hours/days/years |
