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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Addictive Behavior
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Behavior based on the pathological need for a substance or activity may involve substance abuse. One of the most pervasive and intransigent mental health problems facing our society.
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Alcoholism
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alcohol dependence syndrome is the prefered term of the WHO. A psychic and ussually physical, resulting from taking acohol,, characterized by behavioral and other responses that always include a compulsion to take alcohol on a continuous or periodic basis to experience it's psychic effects and sometimes to avoid the physical discomfort of its absence. Combination treatment is most effective.
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amphetamine
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CNS stimulants (ie. Benzedrine, dexedrine, methadrine (methamphetamine hydrochloride AKA speed). Keeps user alert and functioning temporarily at a level higher than normal. appetite supresant. can push user to hazardous fatigue.
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Barbiturates
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SEdatives or depressants act similarly to alcohol. Excessive use leads to increased tolerance. Excessive doses can be lethal as they paralyze the brains respiratory centers. Unlike opiate tolerance, tolerance for barbiturates does not increase the amount needed to cause death so users can easily ingest fatal overdoses, either intentionally or accidentally.
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Caffeine
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DSM-IV-TR, caffeine-induced organic mental disorder (caffeinism) involves symptoms of restlessness, nervousness, excitement, insomnia, muscle twitch, and gastorintestinal complaints.
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cocaine
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interacts with reuptake transports for norepinephrine and dopamine and blocks them; physiological effects are the same as amphetamine; extremely high addiction potential
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endorphins
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opium-like substances produces by the pituitary gland in the brain. Produced in response to stimulation, believed to play a role in reaction to pain. Some investigators speculated that chronic underproduction leads to craving narcotics. Research has been inconclusive.
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flashback
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involuntary recurrence of perceptual distortions or hallucinations weeks or months after taking LSD. Relatively rare for first time/single use though they do sometimes occur.
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hallucinogens
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drugs that are thought to induce hallucinations , though they don't generally "create" sensory images but rather distort them. Major drugs are LSD, mescaline and psilocybin.
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hashish
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dark brown resin collected from tops of canabis plant; strong than marijuana because has higher level of THC
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heroin
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NARCOTIC. opiate. Derivative of morphine (by treatment with acetic anhydride). Used as a replacement for morphine at the turn of the century. Causes euphoric spasm (60 sec) followed by lethargic high, inhibits bodily needs (food and sex). Euphoria, relaxation and reverie tend to dominate. lasts 4-6 hours followed by negative phase in addicts that produces desire for more.
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marijuana
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leaves and buds of cannabis sativa. effects vary depending on mood, quality, dosage.
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mescaline
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HALLUCINOGEN. Derived from mescal buttons at the top of the peyote cactus. allow user to see, hear and otherwise experience events in unaccustomed ways.
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morphine
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One of the alkaloids in opium found present in the largest percentage (10-15%). Powerful sedative and pain reliever. Named after Morpheus Greek god of sleep.
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nicotine
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Poisonous alkaloid, chief active ingredient in tobacco. Nicotine-dependence syndrome nearly always begins in adolescence.
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opium
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NARCOTIC. A mixture of about 18 alkaloids. Induces relaxation and pleasant reverie.
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pathological gambling
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(AKA compulsive gambling) ia a progressive disorder characterized by continuous or periodic loss of control over, preoccupation with gambling and obtaining money for gambling. 1.2-2.3 % of adult population in US. Learned pattern, highly resistant to extinction. Typically pgs are immature, rebellious, thrill-seeking, superstitious, antisocial and compulsive.
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psilocybin
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HALUCINOGEN. Obtained from a variety fo "sacred" Mexican mushrooms known as Psilocybe mexicana. Used for centuries in ceremonial rites of native people in Mexico, American SW and central/south America.
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psychoactive drugs
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drugs that affect mental function: alcohol, nicotine, barbiturates, tranquilizers, amphetamines, heroin, ecstasy, marijuana...
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tolerance
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The need for increased amounts of a substance to achieve a desired effect—results from biochemical changes in the body that alter the rate of metabolism and elimination of the substance from the body.
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toxicity
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the quality, state, or relative degree of being toxic or poisonous
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Withdrawal symptoms
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Physical symptoms such as sweating, tremors and tension that accompany abstinence from a drug .
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Substance abuse
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pathological use of a substance resulting in (1) potentially hazardous behavior (dwi), or (2) continued use despite a persistent social, psychological, occupational, or health problem.
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Substance dependence
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More severe form of substance-use disorders than SA, usually involves a marked physiological need for increasing amounts of a substance to achieve the desired effects and/or experience of withdrawal symptoms when the drug is unavailable.
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