Abdominal Trauma

Front 1

ballistics

Back 1

the study of projectile motion and its interactions with the gun, the air, and the
object it contacts.

Front 2

cavitation

Back 2

the outward motion of tissue due to a projectile’s passage, resulting in a
temporary cavity and vacuum.

Front 3

profile

Back 3

the size and shape of a projectile as it contacts a target; it is the energy exchange
surface of the contact.

Front 4

calibre

Back 4

the diameter of a bullet expressed in hundredths of an inch (.22 calibre _ 0.22
inches); the inside diameter of the barrel of a handgun, shotgun, or rifle.

Front 5

yaw

Back 5

swing or wobble around the axis of a projectile’s travel.

Front 6

cricothyrostomy

Back 6

the introduction of a needle or other tube into the cricothyroid
membrane, usually to provide an emergency airway.

Front 7

cricothyrotomy

Back 7

a surgical incision into the cricothyroid membrane, usually to provide an
emergency airway.

Front 8

rebound tenderness

Back 8

pain on release of the examiner’s hands, allowing the abdominal
wall to return to its normal position; associated with peritoneal irritation.

Front 9

guarding

Back 9

protective tensing of the abdominal muscles by a patient suffering abdominal
pain; may be a voluntary or involuntary response.

Front 10

abruptio placentae

Back 10

a condition in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall.

Front 11

visceral pain dull,

Back 11

poorly localized pain that originates in the walls of hollow organs.

Front 12

somatic pain

Back 12

sharp, localized pain that originates in walls of the body such as skeletal
muscles.

Front 13

peritonitis

Back 13

inflammation of the peritoneum caused by chemical or bacterial irritation. Lines the abdominal cavity.

Front 14

referred pain

Back 14

pain that originates in a region other than where it is felt.

Front 15

Cullen’s sign

Back 15

ecchymosis over the umbilicus.

Front 16

Grey-Turner’s sign

Back 16

ecchymosis in the flank.

Front 17

upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Back 17

bleeding within the gastrointestinal tract proximal to the
ligament of Treitz.

Front 18

ligament of Treitz

Back 18

ligament that supports the duodenojejunal junction.

Front 19

Mallory-Weiss

Back 19

tear esophageal laceration, usually secondary to vomiting.

Front 20

Sengstaken-Blakemore tube

Back 20

three-lumen tube used in treating esophageal bleeding.

Front 21

esophageal varicies (singular varix )

Back 21

enlarged and tortuous esophageal veins.

Front 22

portal

Back 22

pertaining to the flow of blood into the liver.

Front 23

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Back 23

condition that causes the stomach to secrete excessive
amounts of hydrochloric acid and pepsin.

Front 24

pancolitis ulcerative

Back 24

colitis spread throughout the entire colon.

Front 25

proctitis ulcerative

Back 25

colitis limited to the rectum.

Front 26

colicky abdominal pain

Back 26

acute pain associated with cramping or spasms in the abdominal
organs.

Front 27

Crohn’s disease

Back 27

idiopathic inflammatory bowel disorder associated with the small
intestine.

Front 28

diverticulitis .

Back 28

inflammation of diverticula. Usually secondary to infection from diverticulosis.

Front 29

diverticulosis

Back 29

presence of diverticula, with or without associated bleeding.

Front 30

diverticula

Back 30

small outpouchings in the mucosal lining of the intestinal tract.

Front 31

hemorrhoid

Back 31

small mass of swollen veins in the anus or rectum.

Front 32

hernia

Back 32

protrusion of an organ through its protective sheath.

Front 33

intussusception

Back 33

condition that occurs when part of an intestine slips into the part just
distal to itself.

Front 34

adhesion

Back 34

union of normally separate tissue surfaces by a fibrous band of new tissue.

Front 35

volvulus

Back 35

twisting of the intestine on itself.

Front 36

infarction

Back 36

area of dead tissue caused by lack of blood.

Front 37

McBurney’s point

Back 37

common site of pain from appendicitis, four to five centimetres above the anterior iliac crest in a direct line with the umbilicus.

Front 38

appendicitis

Back 38

inflammation of the vermiform appendix at the juncture of the large and small intestines.

Front 39

Murphy’s sign .

Back 39

pain caused when an inflamed gallbladder is palpated by pressing under the right costal margin.