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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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To what does the term KUB refer?
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Kidney, ureter, bladder
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What are the 3 views sought for in the Acute Abdominal series?
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- Upper frontal chest
- Supine view of abdomen - Upright view of abdomen |
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What is the purpose of examining the chest for an acute abdominal series? (2)
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- To check for intraperitoneal gas
- To check for cardiopulmonary causes for abdominal gas |
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What image is taken if a person cannot stand upright?
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Decubitus image (one side is down)
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What search pattern should be followed when observing the abdominal x-ray?
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Stones, bones, mass, gas, RUQ to save your ass
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What can cause extraperitoneal gas? (6)
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- Pneumoperitoneum
- Pneumobilia - Portal venous gas - Pneumatosis intestinalis - Abscess - Emphysematous cholecystitis |
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What is pneumobilia?
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Gas in the bile duct
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What is pneumatosis intestinalis?
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Gas in the wall of the intestines
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What is emphysematous cholecystitis?
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Gas in the wall of an organ other than the bowel
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How is distended small bowel differentiated from colon?
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- Central location
- Valvulae conniventes (plica circularis cross entire lumen) |
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How is colon differentiated from small bowel on radiograph?
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- Peripheral location
- Haustra (do not cross entire lumen) |
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What is the 3-6-9 rule?
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>3cm abnormal for small bowel
>6cm abnormal for large bowel >9cm abnormal for cecum |
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In what case will distended intestines not be visible on radiograph?
What should instead be done? |
When the lumen is fluid filled
Use CT |
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What are some obstructive causes of dilated colon? (4)
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- Cancer
- Volvulus - Stricture - Diverticulus |
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What are some non-obstructive causes of dilated colon? (3)
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- Ileus
- Toxic megacolon - Ischemia |
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What is toxic megacolon?
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Acute dilatation of colon due to severe inflammation
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What does toxic megacolon look like on imaging?
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- loss of haustra
- nodular contour |
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What are some complications of toxic megacolon? (3)
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- Ischemia
- Perforation - Sepsis |
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What are possible etiologies of pneumoperitoneum? (4)
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- Recent abdominal surgery
- Perforated viscus - Paracentesis - Peritoneal dialysis |
