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11 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Abdominal Aponeurosis
A broad flat tendon, the tendons or parallel fibered sheet-like muscles form sheet-like tendons. Thick sheet of fascia.
Linea Alba
The linea alba is a fibrous structure that runs down the midline of the abdomen in humans and other vertebrates. The name means white line and the linea alba is indeed white, being composed mostly of collagen connective tissue.

It is formed by the fusion of the aponeuroses of the abdominal muscles, and it separates the left and right rectus abdominis muscles. In muscular individuals its presence can be seen on the skin, forming the depression between the left and right halves of a "six pack."

Because it consists of only connective tissue, and doesn't contain important nerves or blood vessels, a median incision through the linea alba is a common surgical approach.
Inguinal Ligament
The inguinal ligament is a band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine.
Rectus Abdominis Muscle
(Ventral)
Pubis to rib cage, and has several muscle bellies. Divided by linea alba. Serves to provide flexion of the torso.
External Oblique Muscle
(Lateral)
The external oblique is situated on the lateral and anterior parts of the abdomen. It is broad, thin, and irregularly quadrilateral, its muscular portion occupying the side, its aponeurosis the anterior wall of the abdomen. In most humans (especially males), the oblique is not visible, due to subcutaneous fat deposits and the small size of the muscle.Compression of the abdominal contents.
Internal Oblique Muscle
(Lateral)
The internal oblique muscle (of the abdomen) is the intermediate muscle of the abdomen, lying just underneath the external oblique and just above (superficial to) the transverse abdominal muscle. Its fibers run perpendicular to the external oblique muscle, beginning in the thoracolumbar fascia of the lower back, the anterior 2/3 of the iliac crest (upper part of hip bone) and the lateral half of the inguinal ligament. The muscle fibers run from these points superiomedially (up and towards midline) to the muscle's insertions on the inferior borders of the 10th through 12th ribs and the linea alba (abdominal midline seam.) Aponeurosis: tendon in the internal oblique splits and passes anterior and posterior to the rectus abdominis before it attaches to the linea alba. Compression of the abdominal contents.
Transversus Abdominis Muscle
[Anterolateral Muscle of the Internal Layer]
(Lateral)
The transversus abdominis, so called for the direction of its fibers, is the innermost of the flat muscles of the abdomen, being placed immediately beneath the internal oblique muscle. It arises, as fleshy fibers, from the lateral third of the inguinal ligament, from the anterior three-fourths of the inner lip of the iliac crest, from the inner surfaces of the cartilages of the lower six ribs, interdigitating with the diaphragm, and from the lumbodorsal fascia. Aponeurosis: The aponeurotic tendon of the transverse process passes posterior to the rectus abdominis before it attaches to the linea alba. Compression of the abdominal contents.
Quadratus Lumborum Muscle
(Lateral)
AKA: QL or Hip Hiker It arises by aponeurotic fibers from the iliolumbar ligament and the adjacent portion of the iliac crest for about 5 cm., and is inserted into the lower border of the last rib (rib 12) for about half its length, and by four small tendons into the apices of the transverse processes of the upper four lumbar vertebrae. Hip elevation, side bends (belly dances), and lateral flexion of the torso.
Psoas Major Muscle
(Subvertebral)
The muscle proceeds downward across the brim of the lesser pelvis, and diminishing gradually in size, passes beneath the inguinal ligament and in front of the capsule of the hip-joint and ends in a tendon; the tendon receives nearly the whole of the fibers of the Iliacus and is inserted into the lesser trochanter of the femur. Hip flexer, help strengthen the vertebral column, and flexes and rotates laterally thigh
Iliacus Muscle
The Iliacus is a flat, triangular muscle, which fills the iliac fossa. It arises from the upper two-thirds of this fossa, and from the inner lip of the iliac crest; behind, from the anterior sacroiliac and the iliolumbar ligaments, and base of the sacrum; in front, it reaches as far as the anterior superior iliac spine and anterior inferior iliac spine, and the notch between them. The fibers converge to be inserted into the lateral side of the tendon of the Psoas major, which contributes to flexing the femur anteriorly onto the pelvis. Some of the iliacus fibers may reach the body of the femur, for about 2.5 cm. below and in front of the lesser trochanter. The Iliacus is sometimes considered a part of the Iliopsoas group of hip flexor muscles. It flexes and rotates laterally the thigh.
Lesser Trochanter
The lesser trochanter (small trochanter) of the femur is a conical eminence, which varies in size in different subjects. It projects from the lower and back part of the base of the femur neck. The summit of the trochanter is rough, and gives insertion to the tendon of the Psoas major.