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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Community |
A group of species that occupy a given area, interacting either directly or indirectly |
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Subset of Community |
Those with similar behavior |
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Species Richness (S) |
# of Sp. occurring w/i the community |
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Relative Abundance |
The percentage each species contributes to the total # of individuals of all species |
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Rank Abundance Diagram |
Relative abundance of each Sp. against rank. This compares Sp. richness, Abundance, and Evenness |
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Sp. Evenness |
indicates the distribution of Sp. abundance. The more even the means a higher biodiversity |
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Diversity indices |
Provides a way to quantify the relationship b/t Sp. # & relative abundance |
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Simpson's index D=the sum(ni/N)^2 |
-ni=# of individuals of Sp. i -N= total # of individuals of all species -NOTE: the lowest number has the highest biodiversity |
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Simpson's index of Diversity = - D |
This yields a more natural answer meaning the larger number represent the larger biodiversity |
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Simpson's reciprocal index or Simpson's diversity index = 1 / D |
-The lowest possible value being 1, meaning that only one Sp. makes the community -The maximum value = Sp. richness (S) for that community |
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Shannon (or Shannon-Weiner) index H=the Sum(pi)(log(base 2)pi) |
When H is = to 0 then their is only one Sp. When H increases so does the diversity |
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Dominant |
The most prevalent in either -Biomass -surface area |
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Keystone Sp. |
Have a disproportionate impact on the community relative to its abundance -often top preditors -Ex. Elephant, rhinos, corals, beavers, and humans |
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What happens if the keystone Sp. is removed? |
Initates changes in the community structure and often results in significant loss of diversity |
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Guilds |
Groups of Species that exploit a common resource in a similar fashion |
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Functional type |
Group of Sp. based on their common response to the environment -Such as Shade tolerant versus shade intolerant |
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Community has |
-biotic and abiotic factors -Characteristic Sp. -Physical and Characteristics -Vertical Structures |
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Zonation (Of a tidal zone) |
The physical and biological structure of the community that change as the tide move over the landscape |
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Organismic Concept of Communities |
Species interactions over time produce an association of species, these species depend on each other and the community act as an organism. each Sp. is a necessary part that must be present. Boundaries b/t communities are narrow and easily identified |
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Individualistic or Continuum Concept of Communities |
Association of Sp. is mainly due to similar environment tolerance. Each Sp. has its own individual distribution across a gradient. Associations are due to chance. Boundaries b/t communities are wide and diffeicult to identify |
