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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The manipulation of organisms or their genetic components to make useful products |
Biotechnology
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The direct manipulation of genes for practical purposes
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Genetic engineering |
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To work directly with specific genes, scientists have developed methods for preparing well-defined, gene-sized pieces of DNA in multiple identical copies, a process called ____ |
gene cloning |
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Small circular bacterial DNA molecules that are replicated separately from the chromosome.
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Plasmid
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A DNA molecule made in vitro with segments from different sources
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Recombinant DNA
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The production of multiple copies of a single gene
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Gene cloning
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Cut DNA molecules at a limited number of specific DNA sequences, called restriction sites
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Restriction enzymes
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The most useful restriction enzymes cut DNA in a staggered way producing_____
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sticky ends
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an enzyme that seals the bonds between restriction fragments
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DNA ligase
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a DNA molecule that can carry foreign DNA into a cell and replicate there.
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Vector
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_____ can produce many copies of a specific target segment of DNA
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polymerase chain reaction, PCR
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PCR uses ___ that bracket the desired sequence
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primers
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PCR uses a heat-resistant ____ to amplify DNA
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DNA polymerase
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The study of entire genomes
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Genomics
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______ obtained by analysis of tissue or body fluids found at crime scenes can provide definitive evidence that a suspect is guilty or not.
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DNA “fingerprints”
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Organisms are used to extract minerals from the environment or degrade various types of potentially toxic waste materials.
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Bioremediation
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Animals that contain genes from other organisms are ___
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Transgenic animals
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The base pairing of one strand of nucleic acid to the complementary sequence of another strand from another nucleic acid molecule
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Nucleic acid hybridization |
