Abac 2070 Botany Final Spring 2014 Exam 1

Front 1

Header of the paper should be _____.

Back 1

single spaced on the right side of the page

Front 2

Which of the following are admissible to bring to an exam?
A) iPod B) Headset C) Pencil D) Cell phone

Back 2

Pencil

Front 3

The generalized form for CSE bibliographic entry.

Back 3

Authors. Date, Title

Front 4

What is the correct why to format the author names?

Back 4

Last Name, Initials, Initials Last Name, and Initials Last Name. (e.g. Farmer, S.B., S.M. Noble, and D.K. Smith)

Front 5

What is not true about secondary metabolites?

Back 5

They are required for the normal metabolic processes w/in the plant.

Front 6

What are the major classes of secondary plant metabolites?

Back 6

Alkaloids, Phenolics, and Terpenoids

Front 7

What class of secondary metabolites is among the most important from a pharmacological standpoint?

Back 7

Alkaloids

Front 8

What is not common to all cells?

Back 8

Cell Wall

Front 9

What are the two fundamental cell types?

Back 9

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Front 10

The principal component of the cell walls of fungi is _____; but the principal component of a plant cell wall is _____.

Back 10

Chitin; Cellulose

Front 11

Organelles in the cell other then the nucleus that contain DNA are _____,

Back 11

Chloroplasts; Mitochondria

Front 12

What is the correct sequence of cell wall layers, beginning with the innermost layer and progressing outward?

Back 12

Secondary wall, Primary wall, Middle Lamella

Front 13

What is false about the primary cell wall layer?

Back 13

Actively dividing cells have both primary and secondary cell walls.

Front 14

Cellulose synthase is an enzyme situated in the _____,

Back 14

Plasma membrane.

Front 15

The matrix of plant cell wall contains _____.

Back 15

Pectin and hemicelluloses.

Front 16

The direction that the cell elongates in depends on _____.

Back 16

the orientation of the microfibrils embedded in the cell wall.

Front 17

Plasmodesmata are _____ that penetrate the cell wall after becoming trapped during cell wall formation in mitosis.

Back 17

Strands of endoplamic reticulum

Front 18

Celery stalks that are put in fresh water for several hrs become stiff and hard. similar stalks left in a salt solution become limp and soft. From this we can deduce that_____.

Back 18

the fresh water is hypotonic to the celery, but the salt water is hypertonic to the celery.

Front 19

Water moves down the gradient called the _____.

Back 19

Water potential

Front 20

_____ are involved in breaking down hydrogen peroxide

Back 20

Peroxisomes

Front 21

The cell cycle is composed of _____.

Back 21

interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis

Front 22

What is unique to cell division in plants?

Back 22

Migration of the nucleus to the center of the cell

Front 23

The phragmosome, a structure bisecting the cell prior to cell division in the plants?

Back 23

Is made of cytoplasmic strands lying just below the plasma membrane that aids in moving the nucleus to the center of the cell.

Front 24

The _____ is the earliest manifestation of the mitotic spindle.

Back 24

Prophase spindle

Front 25

What is the correct order of the following structures?

Cell plate, Phragmosome, Phragmoplast, Preprophase band, and New cell wall

Back 25

Phragmosome, Phragmosoplast, Preprophase band, Cell plate, and New cell wall

Front 26

Differences b/t plant and animal mitosis include?

Back 26

The control of the spindle fibers
The formation of the cell wall

Front 27

The life cycle of a sexually reproducing organism is composed of what two process?

Back 27

Meiosis
Fertilization

Front 28

Mitosis _____.

Back 28

Produces two identical daughter cells

Front 29

Meiosis _____.

Back 29

Produces four haploid daughter cells

Front 30

What is something that does not characterize the different kinds of life cycles?

Back 30

Whether or not meiosis happens

Front 31

_____ is gametes produced as a result of meiosis "immediately" before fertilization

Back 31

Gametic meiosis

Front 32

_____ organism has both multicellular haploid and diploid phases; gametes produced by mitosis

Back 32

Sporic meiosis

Front 33

_____ meiosis happens immediately after fertilization; gametes produce by mitosis

Back 33

Zygotic meiosis

Front 34

In an organism that exhibits "Alternation of Generations," the sporophyte produces spores by _____; and the gametophyte produces gametes by _____.

Back 34

Meiosis/Mitosis; Mitosis/Meiosis

Front 35

Organisms that exhibit alternation of generation have _____.

Back 35

separate (and often free-living) multicellular haploid and diploid stages

Front 36

although exception exist, sexual reproduction in most eukaryotes involves _____.

Back 36

two individuals combining DNA during the formation of a new organism (offspring)

Front 37

In organism that do Cyanide-Resistant respiration (aka the alternative oxidase pathway) _____.

Back 37

converts the ATP into heat involved in certain ecological functions for the organism

Front 38

Where does the oxygen in photosynthesis come form?

Back 38

Breakdown of water

Front 39

The photosynthetic pigment that is essential for the process to occur is _____.

Back 39

Chlorophyll

Front 40

When a pigment reflects red light, _____.

Back 40

all other light is absorbed

Front 41

What photosynthetic organism doesn't have a chloroplast?

Back 41

Red algae

Front 42

Chlorophyll absorbs light principally in the _____ wavelengths.

Back 42

Blue/Violet and red

Front 43

What is the primary function of the light reaction of photosynthesis?

Back 43

to produce ATP and NADPH

Front 44

The light reaction happens _____; the dark reaction happens _____.

Back 44

on the Thalykoid membrane;
in the stroma

Front 45

What is the primary function of the dark reaction of photosynthesis?

Back 45

To use ATP to make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide

Front 46

The enzyme RubisCO does not _____.

Back 46

cause water to be split producing oxygen

Front 47

Photorespiration is _____.

Back 47

Useful b/c it produces more CO2 when concentrations get two low
Wasteful b/c it uses up sugars produced and generates no ATP

Front 48

What organelle is not involved in photorespiration?

Back 48

Lysosome

Front 49

_____ separate the light reaction from the dark reactions into different cells

Back 49

C4 plants

Front 50

_____ (normal plants) both reaction of photosynthesis occur w/in the same chloroplast

Back 50

C3 plants

Front 51

_____ separating the light reactions form the dark reaction into different times of the day.

Back 51

CAM plants

Front 52

What is the sugar produced by the Calvin cycle?

Back 52

Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate

Front 53

How many molecules of CO2 are fixed during each turn of the Calvin cycle?

Back 53

One

Front 54

The conversion of Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate to sucrose take place in the _____.

Back 54

Cytosol

Front 55

Most of the Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate not exported to the cytosol is converted to _____ and stored in the chloroplasts.

Back 55

Starch

Front 56

Which branch of Biology is concerned with the naming and classifying of organisms?

Back 56

Taxonomy

Front 57

Prokaryotic organism are currently recognized as organisms that can be found in two different domains. what are these two domains?

Back 57

Bacteria and Archaea

Front 58

The taxonomic hierarchy is correctly represented as:

Back 58

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Front 59

Plants, fungi, animals and protists belong to which group?

Back 59

Domain Eukarya

Front 60

The "Original" 5 kingdoms are

Back 60

Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals, Bacteria

Front 61

The current classification system used by biologists is _____.

Back 61

Updated and revised whenever new information becomes available

Front 62

T/F The "new taxonomy," generated mostly by similarities and/or differences in DNA sequence data supports the 5 Kingdom Scheme of Life

Back 62

False

Front 63

_____ came up with the idea for 3 domains; but _____ came up with the idea of 5 kingdoms

Back 63

Woese, Whittaker

Front 64

_____ are sister species in the same genus.

Back 64

Pinus taeda and Pinus virginiana

Front 65

Cornus florida is the scientific name for the flowering dogwood. the term Cornus represents the plants?

Back 65

Genus

Front 66

What is the major difference b/t a kingdom and a domain?

Back 66

Domains are based upon the idea that the differences b/t Archaea and Bacteria is a more fundamental differences that the differences between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes

Front 67

What is Monophyletic?

Back 67

Ancestral species and all its descendants

Front 68

What is Paraphyletic?

Back 68

Ancestral species and some, but not all, of the descendants

Front 69

What is Polyphyletic?

Back 69

Various species that lack a common ancestor