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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anxiety vs. fear anxiety
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anxiety-central nervous systems physiological and emotional response to a vague sense of threat or danger
fear anxiety- same thing as anxiety except response to a serious threat to one well being |
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What are generalized biological and psychological vulnerabilities?
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Biological; genetic inheritance
Psychological; beliefs that make the person vulnerable |
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Specific phobia |
Causes: traumatic events (do they always cause phobias?)Experience frightening eventsModelingInformationBiological preparednessPresence of anxiety that the event will happen again
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What is the “performance only” type of social phobia?
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Social anxiety disorder
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Features of cognitive-behavioral therapy
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Education
Relaxation Cognitive restructuring Exposure |
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What are panic attacks
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A period of intense fear that peak within minutes Include at least 4 physical symptoms
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Learned alarms
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cues that become associated with a number of internal and external stimuli through a learned process
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emergency alarm reactions
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emergency alarm reaction (unexpected panic attack) when confronted with stress-producing events
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What is agoraphobia
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anxiety disorder in which a person is afraid to be in public places or situation
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What is anxious apprehension
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verbal rumination, worry
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Components of cognitive-behavioral therapy, particularly worry exposure
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relaxation
cognitive restructuring Worry exposure |
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Obsessions vs. compulsions
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Obsessions: Obsessions are recurrent and persistent thoughts, images, or impulses. Obsessions are usually experienced as being intrusive or inappropriate; patients often describe them as being different from normal thoughts.
compulsion: Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that are performed in an effort to control anxiety or distress or to prevent a dreaded event or situation. |
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What is thought-action fusion
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believing that simply thinking about an action is equivalent to actually carrying out that action.
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Types of problems people with compulsive hoarding experience
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can't throw away clutter
Distress or impairment Poor organization skills |
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Role of plastic surgery and BDD – is it effective?
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Not effective because a individual with BDD will never be satisfied with there body
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Possible causes of BDD
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rejection, humiliation, teasing
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Trichotillomania
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recurrent picking of one’s own hair
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excoriation
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Recurrent picking causing skin damage
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what is habit reversal therapy-
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Self-monitoring/awareness training
Competing response training Social support |
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General clinical description/defining features of the PTSD
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Exposure to a traumatic event
intrusion symptoms persistent avoidance |
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Risk and protective factors for developing PTSD
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coping skills
social support |
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What are the empirically-supported therapies
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Anti-depressant (SSRIs)
prolonged exposure cognitive process therapy |
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Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing – what are the conclusions about its effectiveness?
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Role of the eye movement is questionable
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Critical incident stress debriefing – what is it and what does the research say about its effectiveness?
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goal is prevention
popular, but data is poor |
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What is dissociation?
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separation from reality, lack of integration of psychological processes
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depersonalization
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detachment from self/ feeling detached from oneself
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derealization
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detachment from reality/ thing appear to shrink
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problems with hypnosis
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Get lots of information, but can’t tell what is accurate
Hypnosis does not alter behavior, but changes expectations and motivations. The more you do it, the more believable the uncovered information becomes |
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How to distinguish DID from malingering
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Scores on personality tests
Psychophysiological measures Willingness to share symptoms Presence of clear secondary gain Malingering is likely rare outside of legal settings |
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dissociative fugue
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rare psychiatric disorder characterized by reversible amnesia for personal identity, including the memories, personality, and other identifying characteristics of individuality.
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Dissociative disorders
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Dissociative disorders are characterized by an involuntary escape from reality characterized by a disconnection between thoughts, identity, consciousness and memory.
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