A200 Block 2 Glossary

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Act of Parliament (Statute)

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Legislation that received the assent of both Houses of Parliament and the monarch before being placed on the statute book.

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Anabaptist

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Member of a protestant sect that rejected infant baptism, sought rebaptism of adults and establishment of Christian communism,

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Apocalyptic

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A belief held by some reformers that these were the last days before Christ's second coming, heralded by famine, war and disease as foretold by the Book of Revelation in the Bible. The pope was identified with Antichrist.

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Bill

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The proposal stage of an Act of Parliament.

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Broadside

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A paper printed on one side with news, notices and songs. Broadsides were a popular form for the circulation of news. They could be read aloud or pinned on walls and they often contained images from woodcuts.

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Burghers

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Citizens of towns and cities. In the early modern period these were usually the local middle classes.

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Calvinism

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Protestant denomination or confession primarily associated with reformer John Calvin, which emphasises predestination and the sovereignty of God.

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Chalice

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cup used for the wine at communion.

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Chancery

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An administrative body and court with the power to make law.

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Chantry chapels

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Parts of the church or cathedral set aside for the chanting (singing) of masses for the dead. Also known as chantries.

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Chiliastic

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From chiliasm, the doctrine that Christ on his return would reign upon earth for a thousand years before the end of the world.

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Confession/confessional

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The set of beliefs that unites one group of believers and separates them from other groups.

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Convocation

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The ancient assemblies of the clergy of the Church of England divided into the provincial convocations of Canterbury and York.

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Deprived

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Loss of position within the church.

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'Donation of Constantine'

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It claimed to be a fourth-century grant from Emperor Constantine I, a convert to Christianity, awarding the pope control over the Christian world. It was judged by humanists to be a forgery from the eighth century.

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Ecclesiastical

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An adjective derived from the word for church.

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Edict

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Authoritative order/declaration

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Elector

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Prince, lay or clerical, within the Holy Roman Empire who has the right to participate in the election of the emperor.

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Episcopacy

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System of church government by bishops.

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Episcopal

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of or pertaining to bishops.

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Episcopalian church

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A church with bishops. The Scottish Episcopalian Church was part of the wider Anglican community outside Scotland.

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Eschatology

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Branch of theology addressing the end of the world.

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Evangelical

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Christianity based on the gospels or membership of a Protestant sect emphasising personal conversation and belief in justification (salvation) by faith in Christ's redeeming death on the cross.

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Hegemony

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The dominance of one group over another. The term refers to the way that groups use culture to promote their understanding of the world as natural and normal.

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Huguenots

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French Calvanists

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Humanism

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Renaissance cultural movement based on study of the classics. Christian humanists applied these principle of study to the Bible.

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Iconoclasm

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Destruction of images

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Magistracy

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Secular rulers

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Mass

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From the words of dismissal at the end of the Latin service: missa est. Celebration of the Eucharist or Holy Communion in a Roman Catholic Church. There were different versions: high (full ceremonial); low; dry (no celebration of the communion).

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Oligarchy

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Government by a small group of individuals; an oligarch is the ruler or figurehead of an oligarchy.

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Humanism

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Renaissance cultural movement based on study of the classics. Christian humanists applied these principle of study to the Bible.

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Iconoclasm

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Destruction of images

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Magistracy

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Secular rulers

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Mass

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From the words of dismissal at the end of the Latin service: missa est. Celebration of the Eucharist or Holy Communion in a Roman Catholic Church. There were different versions: high (full ceremonial); low; dry (no celebration of the communion).

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Oligarchy

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Government by a small group of individuals; an oligarch is the ruler or figurehead of an oligarchy.

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Parousia

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The second coming of Christ.

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Parson

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An Anglican cleric with full responsibility for a parish.

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Philology

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From the Greek for 'love of language' - to be understood as humanist engagement in linguistics and biblical criticism, or exegesis.

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Predestination

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The belief, often but not exclusively associated with Calvin, that God has determined who will be saved irrespective of personal merits.

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Prophesying

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Revealing the word of God to the public.

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Roman Inquisition

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Established in 1542 to combat Protestantism and act against heresy, especially in Italy - part of the Counter-Reformation measures taken by the papacy.

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Satire

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A classical form of expression that used ridicule to critique beliefs and practices. The humanist revival of interest in Ancient Greek texts led to the rebirth of satire.

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Spiritualty

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Religious arm of the state.

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Temporalty

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Secular arm of the state.

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Theology

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The study of religion and religious doctrine.

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Tithe

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A tax paid to the church.

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Vernacular tongue

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Native, popular language.

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Vicar substitute

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Commonly used to describe the clergyman who was appointed by an ecclesiastical parton (monastery, bishop, cathedral) to serve a parish. To be contrasted with a rector, who had a right to the valuable great tithes of the parish.

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Vicar-general

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The monarch's substitute (or delegate) in ruling the church.

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Walloon

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A French dialect spoken in parts of Belgium.

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Walloons

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French people living in south Belgium and adjacent parts of France.

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Walloons

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French people living in south Belgium and adjacent parts of France.