Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is a specific Renin inhibitor?
|
Aliskiren
|
|
|
How is Aliskiren administered and what is its half life?
|
-Oral
-24 hr half life so can give it one time per day |
|
|
What is Aliskiren used to treat?
|
Hypertension
|
|
|
Why is Aliskiren good?
|
It reduces blood pressure without having any affect on heartrate
|
|
|
What are the effects of Aliskirin comparable to?
|
Those of an AT1 receptor antagonist
|
|
|
What enhances the antihypertensive effects of Aliskirin?
|
Giving it in combo w/ a diuretic, ACE inhibitor, or AT1 antagonist
|
|
|
What does Aliskirin measurably reduce?
|
Plasma Ang II
Plasma Aldosterone |
|
|
What drug blocks AT1 receptors?
|
Losartan
|
|
|
How is Losartan administered?
|
Orally
|
|
|
What is Losartan used to treat?
|
Hypertension (without changing heartrate)
|
|
|
Why doesn't losartan change heartrate?
|
It doesn't block AT2 receptors so there can still be vasodilation.
|
|
|
What is the onset of action for Losartan like, and what is its activity enhanced by?
|
-Slow onset
-Enhanced by diuretics |
|
|
When is Losartan contraindicated?
|
In pregnancy
|
|
|
Why is it more effective to give Losartan in combination with a diuretic?
|
Because the diuretic will lower body sodium, and BP will then be more controlled by Renin.
|
|
|
What does increasing the dependency of BP regulation on Renin do?
|
Makes the blocking of the RAS more effective at reducing BP.
|
|
|
What are the 3 ACE inhibitors?
|
-Captopril
-Enalapril -Lisinopril (captain enala listens) |
|
|
What 2 substrates does ACE normally act on? What are the products?
|
-Ang I to produce Ang II
-Bradykinin to produce inactive metabolite |
|
|
So by blocking ACE, what effects are seen?
|
-Decreased Ang II - lowers BP
-Increased Bradykinin - vasodilates, lowers BP |
|
|
How are the ACE inhibitors administered?
|
orally
|
|
|
What is the mechanism of the ACE inhibitors?
|
Competitive inhibition of the ACE enzyme
|
|
|
What are ACE inhibitors used to treat?
|
-Hypertension (w/o changing HR)
-Congestive heart failure |
|
|
What enhances the effects of ACE inhibitors?
|
Diuretics - for the same reason; BP regulation becomse more dependent on renin levels
|
|
|
What are 2 side effects of all the ACE inhibitors?
|
-Angioedema
-Coughing |
|
|
What are 3 side effects specific to Captopril?
|
-Agranulocytosis
-Rash -Proteinuria |
|
|
When are the ACE inhibitors contraindicated?
|
Pregnancy
|
|
|
What are the 2 aldosterone antagonists?
|
-Spironolactone
-Eplerenone |
|
|
What type of antagonists are Spironolactone/Eplerenone?
|
Competitive
|
|
|
What are Spironolactone and Eplerenone used as, and what are they used to treat?
|
Used as diuretics
-Treat Cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure |
