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57 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Tropomyosin

Keeps myosin and actin from attaching


Myosin and actin need

Calcium ions

Thick filaments do not

Move

synovial
small synovial cavity, no majority

Troponin is a

Protein that attaches the tropomyosin


Z discs are narrow,

Plate shaped regions of dense material that separate one sarcomere from the next

gliding
nearly flat bone surfaces slide or glide over each other
Flexion

1.Flex means to bend


2.angular


3.usually occurs on a saggital plane


4.decreasein the angle between the bones of a joint

Extension

1.exentend means to stretch out


2.angular


3.increase in the angle between the bones of a joint


4.restores to anatomical position

Hyperextension

1.hyper=excessive


2.angular


3.excessive extension beyond anatomical position

Abduction

1.angular


2.moves the appendage AWAY from the midline

Adduction

1.angular


2.moves appendage TOWARD midline

Elevation

1. a special joint movement


2.upward movement raising the body part vertically



depression

1. a special joint movement


2.downward movement lowering the body part vertically

Protraction (pro=in front of)


(trahere=to draw)

1. special joint


movement


2. move a body part forward or anterior on a horizontal plane

Retraction

1.special joint movement


2.move a body part back or posterior

supination

turn palm of the hand to face forward, or, if the palm is outstretched, turn the palm upward


also a special joint movement


supine means to lay on back

pronation

special joint movement


lying face downward=pronate


turn palm of the hand backward, if arm is outstretched, turn the palm downward

Inversion

turn the sole of the foot inward


special joint movement

Eversion

special joint movement


turn the sole of the foot outward

Dorsiflexion

point your toes upward, stand on your heels


special joint movement

Plantar Flexion

special joint movement


point your toes downward, raise your heels


Articulating bones are covered with

Articular cartilage

Synovial joints are held together

By ligaments bone to bone

Synovial joints assist with

Nerve and blood supply


Synovial joints are surrounded by an

Articular capsule which are ligaments that form joints

Synovial joints permit a large

Range of movement

Examples of synovial joints are

Shoulders elbows knees hips and fingers

Cartilage protects the

Bones

Functions of synovial fluid

Acts as a shock absorber which reduces the friction of the bones hitting each other it also acts as a lubricant which reduces friction it acts as a medium for the diffusion of oxygen and nutrients out of the bloodstream into the cavity

When fluid moves out of the cavity it takes

Metabolic waste such as CO2 and nitrogen based waste out of the cavity

When we pop our joints

It forces oxygen out and pushes it out of the synovial membrane which damages the membrane

The structure determines the function of the

Muscles

Skeletal muscle

Organs composed of connective tissue plus skelotol muscle

True or false some muscles move constantly

True

Muscles are composed of

Fibers

The tendon attaches to the periosteum which is the

Outer covering

Around each myofibril is called a

Sarcolemma

The sarcolemma is not a connective tissue covering but it is a

Outer Membrane covering

Myofilaments

The contractile portion of are muscle this causes the muscle to get smaller and contract

The muscle is covered by the

Epimysium

The smallest portion of a muscle is called the

Myofilaments

The fascicles of the muscle are covered by the

Perimysium

The muscle fibers are covered by the

Endomysium

Name the three types of connective tissue coverings in the muscle

Epimysium, perimysium, and the endomysium

Tendons are extremely

Strong

Myofibrils consist of contractile proteins called

Actin and myosin

Sarcomere

The sarcomere is one Z disk to another Z disc

Thick filaments

Contain myosin

Thin filaments

Are smaller and thinner and are composed of actin troponin and tropomyosin

Name the regulatory proteins

Troponin and tropomyosin

The neurotransmitter molecule is called the

Acetylcholine

Acetylcholine moves across

The synaptic cleft to connect with the motor end plate

A band

Dark middle part of the sarcomere that extends the entire length of the thick filaments and includes those parts of the thin filaments that overlap the thick filaments

I band

Lighter less dense area of the sarcomere that contains the remainder of the thin filaments but no thick filaments a z disc passes through the center of each I band

H Zone

Narrow region in the center of each a band that contains thick filaments but no thin filaments

M line

The region in the center of the H Zone that contains the protein that hold the thick filaments together at the center of the sarcomere