A & P Ii Lab Digestion System Notes

Front 1

what is the digestive tube extending from the mouth to the anus called?

Back 1

alimentary canal aka gastrointestinal tract

Front 2

what are the organs included in the alimentary canal?

Back 2

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus

Front 3

what organs are accessor digestive organs?

Back 3

teeth, tongue, gall bladder, salivary glands, liver and pancreas

Front 4

what is the function of accessory digestive organs?

Back 4

they produce a variety of secretions that contribute to the breakdown of food stuff

Front 5

what are the six essentioal activities of the digestive tract?

Back 5

ingestion, propulsion, mechanical digestion, chemical digestion, absorption and defactation

Front 6

describe ingestion

Back 6

taking food into the digestive tract

Front 7

describe propulsion

Back 7

moving food

Front 8

describe mechanical digestion

Back 8

prepares food for chemical digestion

Front 9

describe chemical digestion

Back 9

food molecules are broken down into chemical building blocks

Front 10

what is the process of digested end products being passed into the blood stream called?

Back 10

absorption (by way of diffusion)

Front 11

description of mucosa and function

Back 11

-epithelial membrane (areolar connective tissue/smooth muscle)
-secretion, absorption and protection

Front 12

description of submucosa and function

Back 12

-dense connective tissue with blood and lymphatic vessels (elastic fibers which allow it to regain shape after a large meal)
-nutrition and protection

Front 13

description of muscularis externa and function

Back 13

-bilayer of smooth muscle: deep layer runs circularly; superficial layer runs longitudinally
-GI motility: mixing and propelling food (peristalsis)

Front 14

description of serosa and function

Back 14

-visceral peritoneum
-reduces friction against other organs' replaced by adventitia (binds some organs to surrounding tissues) in the esophagus

Front 15

the terminal end of the anal canal which opens to the exterior of the body

Back 15

anus

Front 16

a blind tubelike structure which hangs from the cecum and is a common site of infection

Back 16

appendix

Front 17

part of the colon that travels up the right side of the abdominal cavity

Back 17

ascending colon

Front 18

structure which drains bile from the gall bladder

Back 18

bile duct

Front 19

the midportion of the stomach, inferior to the fundus

Back 19

body of the stomach

Front 20

structure through which bile enters the dudenum

Back 20

common hepatic duct

Front 21

structure through which bile leaves the liver

Back 21

cystic duct

Front 22

part of the colon that travels down the left side of the abdominal cavity

Back 22

descending colon

Front 23

part of the small intestine that extends from the pyloric sphincter

Back 23

duodenum

Front 24

the voluntary sphincter of the anus

Back 24

external anal sphincter

Front 25

suspends the liver from the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall

Back 25

falciform ligament

Front 26

the expanded portion of the stomach

Back 26

fundus

Front 27

small green sac on the inferior surface of the liver which concentrates bile

Back 27

gall baldder

Front 28

a mesentery that extends from the liver to attach to the lesser curvature of the stomach

Back 28

greater omentum

Front 29

the functional blood supply of the liver

Back 29

hepatic artery

Front 30

drains blood from liver

Back 30

hepatic vein

Front 31

the expanded portion of the stomach

Back 31

fundus

Front 32

small green sac on the inferior surface of the liver which concentrates bile

Back 32

gall baldder

Front 33

a mesentery that extends from the liver to attach to the lesser curvature of the stomach

Back 33

greater omentum

Front 34

the functional blood supply of the liver

Back 34

hepatic artery

Front 35

drains blood from liver

Back 35

hepatic vein

Front 36

structure in which the pancreatic duct fuses with the bile duct just as it enters the duodenum

Back 36

hepatopancreatic ampulla

Front 37

the second division of small intestine which extends for about 8 feet

Back 37

ileum

Front 38

the involuntary sphincter of the anus

Back 38

internal anal sphincter

Front 39

the terminal portion of the small intestine

Back 39

jejunum

Front 40

passageway extending from the epiglottis to the base of the larynx

Back 40

laryngopharynx

Front 41

a saclike mesentery extending from the greater curvature of the stomach and covers the abdominal contents in an apronlike fashion

Back 41

lesser omentum

Front 42

the largest gland in the body

Back 42

liver

Front 43

duct which drains pancreatic juice from the pancreas

Back 43

main pancreatic duct

Front 44

passageway behind the oral cavity extending from the soft palate to the epiglottis

Back 44

oropharynx

Front 45

a traingular gland with an endocrine and exocrine function

Back 45

pancreas

Front 46

large glands anterior to the ear and ducting into the mouth over the second upper molar through the parotid duct

Back 46

parotid glands

Front 47

the terminal part of the stomach

Back 47

pylorus

Front 48

part of the large intestine following the sigmoid colon

Back 48

rectum

Front 49

the s-shaped part of the colon

Back 49

sigmoid colon

Front 50

small glands located anteriorly in the floor of the mouth

Back 50

sublingual glands

Front 51

glands along the medical aspect of the mandibular body in the floor of the mouth

Back 51

submandibular glands

Front 52

part of the colon that travels across the abdominal cavity

Back 52

transverse colon