A & P Chpt 1

Front 1

Anatomy

Back 1

Describes STRUCTURES of the body

Front 2

Physiology

Back 2

Study of FUNCTIONS: of anatomical structures, individual & cooperative functions, biochemistry, biology, chemistry, and genetics

Front 3

Gross Anatomy

Back 3

Examines large, visible structures

Front 4

Microscopic anatomy

Back 4

Examines cells and molecules

Front 5

Chemical Level: Atom

Back 5

Smallest chemical unit

Front 6

Chemical Level: Molecules

Back 6

Group of atoms working together

Front 7

Cellular Level

Back 7

Group of atoms, molecules and organelles working together

Front 8

Tissue Level

Back 8

A group of similar cells working together

Front 9

Organ Level

Back 9

An organ is a group of different tissues working together

Front 10

Organ System

Back 10

Group of organs working together

Front 11

Integumentary System: Organs

Back 11

Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands

Front 12

Integumentary System: Functions

Back 12

Protection, regulate body temp, sensory info

Front 13

Skeletal System: Organs

Back 13

bones, cartilage, ligaments, bone marrow

Front 14

Skeletal System: Function

Back 14

Support & protection for other tissues, stores calcium and other minerals, forms blood cells

Front 15

Muscular System: Organs

Back 15

Muscels and tendons

Front 16

Muscular System: Functions

Back 16

Movement, protection & support, generates heat that maintains body temp

Front 17

Nervous System: Organs

Back 17

Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sense organs (eyes, nose, ears)

Front 18

Nervous System: Functions

Back 18

directs immediate response to stimuli, coordinates/ moderates activites of other organ systems, provides/ interprets sensory info about external stimuli

Front 19

Endocrine System: Organs

Back 19

Pituitary gland, thyroid, pancreas, suprarenal glands, gonads, endocrine tissues in other systems

Front 20

Endocrine System: Functions

Back 20

Directs long term changes in the activites of other organ systems, adjusts metabolic activities and energy use by the body, controls many structural and functional changes during development

Front 21

Cardiovascular System: Organs

Back 21

Heart, blood vessels

Front 22

Cardiovascular System: Functions

Back 22

internal transport of cells and dissolved materials including nutrients, waste, and gases, distributes heat and assits in control of body temp. Distributes blood cells, water and dissolved material

Front 23

Lymphatic System: Organs

Back 23

Spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils

Front 24

Lymphatic System: Functions

Back 24

Defend against infection and disease, returns tissue fluids to the bloodstream

Front 25

Respiratory System: Organs

Back 25

Nasal cavity, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli

Front 26

Respiratory System: Functions

Back 26

Delivery of air to sites where gas exchange can occur between the air and circulating blood, removes carbon dioxide from bloodstream, provides oxygen to bloodstream, delivers air to alveoli, production of sound for communication (vocal cords)

Front 27

Digestive System: Organs

Back 27

Teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, lg intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

Front 28

Digestive System: Functions

Back 28

Processing of food and absorption of organic material, absorbs/ conserves water, stores energy, absords nutrients ( ions, water, proteins, fats, breakdown of sugars)

Front 29

Urinary System: Organs

Back 29

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

Front 30

Urinary System: Functions

Back 30

Excretes waste from the blood, volume balance, stores urine prior to voluntary elimination, regulates ion concentration and pH

Front 31

Reproductive System Male: Organs

Back 31

Testes, epididymides, ductus deferns, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, penis, scrotum

Front 32

Reproductive System Male: Functions

Back 32

Produces male sex cells (sperm), suspending fluids and horomones, sexual intercourse

Front 33

Reproductive System Female: Organs

Back 33

Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, labia, clitoris, mammory glands

Front 34

Reproductive System Female: Functions

Back 34

Produces female sex cells (oocytes) and horomones, supports developing embryo from conception to delivery, provides milk to nourish newborn infant, sexual intercours

Front 35

Homeostasis

Back 35

All body systems working together to maintain a stable internal environment

Front 36

Autoregulation (intrinsic)

Back 36

Automatic response in a cell, tissue, or organ to some environmental change. With in the body

Front 37

Extrinsic Regulation

Back 37

Response controlled by nervous and endocrine systems (through horomones). Produces a larger response

Front 38

Receptor

Back 38

Receives the stimulus

Front 39

Control Center

Back 39

Processes the signal and sends instructions

Front 40

Effector

Back 40

Carries out instruction

Front 41

Negative Feedback: A way to maintain homeostasis

Back 41

-The response of the effector negates the stimulus (REVERSE STIMULUS)
-Body brought back into homeostasis
-Normal range is achieved

Front 42

Postive Feedback:

Back 42

-The response of the effector increses change of the stimulus (ENHANCES STIMULUS)
-Body moved away from homeostasis
-Normal range is lost
-Used to speed up processes

Front 43

Anatomical Position

Back 43

Hands at sides, palms forward

Front 44

Supine

Back 44

Lying down, face up

Front 45

Prone

Back 45

Lying down, face down

Front 46

Body Cavities

Back 46

-Protect organs from accidental shocks
- Permit changes in size and shape of internal organs

Front 47

Ventral Cavity

Back 47

Divided by the diaphragm into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Front 48

Serous Membranes

Back 48

Line body cavities and cover organs

Front 49

Parietal Layer

Back 49

Lines cavities

Front 50

Visceral Layer

Back 50

Covers organs