A & P Chapter 6 Bone Tissue

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FUNCTIONS OF HUMAN SKELETON

Back 1

SUPPORT
PROTECTION OF ORGANS
FRAMEWORK
CONTAINS RED BONE MARROW
STORAGE MINERALS AND FATS

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DYNAMIC LIVING TISSUE THAT MAKES UP SKELETAL STRUCTURE

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BONE (OSSEOUS) TISSUE

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A TYPE OF CONN TISSUE WITH A MATRIX MADE OF HYDROXYAPATITE

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BONE

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TYPE OF TISSUE THAT MAKES UP COMPACT BONES

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OSTEON (BASIC BONE)

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STEM CELLS THAT DIVIDE TO PROVIDE A CONSTANT SUPPLY TO THE OTHER BONE CELLS

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OSTEOGENIC

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BONE BUILDING OR FORMING

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OSTEOBLASTS

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BONE CHEWING OR BREAKING CELLS THAT REASORB BONE AND TRANSPORT CALCIUM FORM TO THE BLOOD

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OSTEOCLASTS

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CENTRAL SHAFT OF A LONG BONE

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DIAPHYSIS

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ENDS OF LONG BONE

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EPIPHYSIS

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WHERE THE DIAPHYSIS AND EPIPHYSIS MEET
CONTAINS GROWTH PLATE

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METAPHYSES

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LAYER OF HYALINE CARTILAGE SURROUNDS THE EPIPHYSIS WHERE BONES CONNECT AT JOINTS

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ARTICULAR CARTILAGE

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TOUGH COVERING ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE SURFACE OF BONE COMPOSED PRIMARILY OF DENSE IRREG CONN TISSUE

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PERIOSTEUM

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THIN MEMBRANE LINING MEDULLARY CAVITY
CONTAINS A SINGLE LAYER OF BONE FORMING CELLS

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ENDOSTEUM

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THE FUNCTIONAL UNIT OF COMPACT BONE LOCATED IN THE CENTER OF OSTEON

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CENTRAL CANAL
AKA
HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS

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PROVIDES PASSAGEWAYS FOR BLOOD VESSELS AND NERVES THROUGH THE LENGTH OF THE BONE

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HAVERSIAN SYSTEMS

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CALCIFIED RINGS THAT SURROUND HAVERSIAN SYSTEM

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CONCENTRIC LAMELLAE

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SPACES IN CONCENTRIC LAMELLE WHICH CONTAIN OSTEOCYTES

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LACUNAE

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TINY CANALS THAT EXTEND THROUGH THAT EXTEND BETWEEN LAMELLAE

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CANALICULI

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PASSAGEWAYS WITH BLOOD & LYMPH VESSELS AND NERVES RUNNING RT ANGLE TO HAVERSIAN CANALS

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PERFORATING CANAL AKA
VOLKMANNS CANAL

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CONNECTS BLOOD VESSELS FROM PERIOSTEUM TO HAVERSIAN CANALS

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PERFORATING CANAL AKA
VOLKSMANNS CANAL

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AREA BETWEEN OSTEONS THAT CONSIST OF FRAGMENTS OF OLD PARTIALLY DESTROYED OSTEONS

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INTERSTITIAL LAMELLAE

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CONSISTS OF LATTICEWORK OF COLUMNS OF BONES
IN SPONGY BONES

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TRABECULAE

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FOUND IN IRREGULAR SHAPED BONES, CONTAINS NO OSTEONS AND IS FILLED WITH BONE MARROW

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SPONGY BONE

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STATES THAT BONE MASS AND DENSITY WILL BE INCREASED IN AREAS OF STRESS SO BONE WILL BE THICKER WHEN UNDER STRESS

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WOLFES LAW

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PRODUCES ALL TYPES OF RED BLOOD CELLS FOUND THROUGHOUT IN CHILDREN BUT PRIMARILY IN FLAT BONES OF ADULTS (STERNUM,RIBS,SKULL AND AT THE END OF LONG BONES

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RED MARROW

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FYPE OF MARROW THAT FILLS MOST CAVITIES IN ADULTS AND IS FILLED WITH TRIGLYCERIDES, AN ENERGY RESERVE

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YELLOW MARROW

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IS IMPORTANT IN THE FORMATION OF DNA, RNA, APT AND PHOSPHOLIPIDS

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PHOSPHATE

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PROCESS THAT DEPOSITS CALCIUM AND PHOSPHATE IN BONE BY OSTEOBLASTS

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MINERALIZATION

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HORMONE THAT RAISES BLOOD CALCIUM WHEN IT DROPS TO LOW

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PTH PARATHYROID HORMONE

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PRODUCED BY THE THYROID GLAND LOWERS THE BLOOD LEVEL OF CALCIUM

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CALCITONIN

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FORM OF VITAMIN D
MANUFACTURED IN SKIN
UV LIGHT STIMULATES THE MANUFACTURE

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CALCITROL

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HORMONE THAT EFFECTS THE EPIPHYSEAL/GROWTH PLATE AT THE ENDS OF LONG BONES

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GH GROWTH HORMONE

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PROCESS IN WHICH BONES ARE FORMED

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OSSIFICATION

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2 METHODS OF OSSIFICATION

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INTRAMEMBRANEOUS OSSIFICATION
ENDOCHONDRIAL OSSIFICATION

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CELLS THAT ACTIVELY PRODUCE CARTILAGE

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CHONDROBLASTS

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CELLS TRAPPED IN LACUNAE OF CARTILAGE

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CHONDROCYTES

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CARTILAGE GROWS IN 2 WAYS

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INTERSTITIAL GROWTH
APPOSITIONAL GROWTH

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HORMONES THAT AFFECT BONE GROWTH

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ESTROGEN TESTOSTERONE,GH, THYROID
PTH

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VITAMINS THAT AFFECT BONE GROWTH

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VITAMIN A B12 C AND K

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TYPES OF BONES
LONG

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LONGER THAN WIDE
HUMERUS
RADIUS
FEMUR

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TYPES OF BONES
SHORT BONES

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MORE NEARLY EQUAL IN LENGTH AND WIDTH
WRIST AND ANKLE BONES

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TYPES OF BONES
FLAT BONES/FUNCTION EXAMPLE

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ENCLOSE/PROTECT ORGANS
CRANIUM
BREASTBONE

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TYPES OF BONES
IRREGULAR BONES/FUNCTION/EXAMPLE

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ELABORATE SHAPES THAT DON'T FIT THE OTHER TYPES
VERTEBRAL BODIES
ETHMOID AND SPHENOID BONES

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TYPES OF BONE
SESMOID

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BONE CONTAINED IN TENDON PATELLA

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TYPES OF BONE
SUTURES

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SMALL BONES LOCATED WITHIN SUTURE JOINTS

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AREA WHERE MUSCLE TENDON ATTACHES, A SMALL ROUNDED PROJECTION

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TUBERCLE

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WHERE TENDON ATTACHES, A LARGE ROUNDED PROJECTION

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TUBEROSITY

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DEPRESSION OR PIT AS IN THE FOVEA CAPITIS ON THE HEAD OF THE FEMUR

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FOVEA

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A OPENING IN THE BONE AS IN FORAMEN MAGNUM IN THE BASE OF THE SKULL

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FORAMEN

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LARGE ROUNDED PROTRUSIONS AT ARTICULAR SURFACES THAT FORM JOINTS

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CONDYLES

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SHALLOW DEPRESSION

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FOSSA

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PROCESS IN WHICH BONE HEALS ITSELF

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BONE REMODELING

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STEPS OF HEALING OF A FRACTURE

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1 HEMATOMA
2 FIBRO CALLUS FORMATION
3 BONY CALLUS FORMATION
4 BONE REMODELING

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PROCESS OF REPLACING CONN TISSUE TO FORM AN BONE

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INTRAMEMBRANOUS OSSIFICATION

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PROCESS OF FORMING BONE BY THE REPLACEMENT OF HYALINE CARTILAGE

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ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION

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# OF BONES IN THE BODY

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