A & P 1 Exam 3

Front 1

Provide the major force for producing a specific movement

Back 1

Prime movers

Front 2

Oppose or reverse a particular movement

Back 2

Antagonists

Front 3

Synergists

Back 3

Add force to a movement
Reduce undesirable or unnecessary movement

Front 4

Synergists that immobilize a bone or muscle’s origin

Back 4

Fixators

Front 5

Muscles of Facial Expression

Back 5

-Insert into the skin
-Important in nonverbal
communication
-All innervated by cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)

Front 6

Epicranius

Back 6

bipartite muscle consisting of the Frontalis and Occipitalis
Alternate
-actions of pulling the scalp forward and backward

Front 7

Four pairs involved in mastication

Back 7

Prime movers of jaw closure
-Temporalis and masseter

Grinding movements
-Medial and lateral pterygoids

Front 8

Buccinator muscles

Back 8

help by holding food between the teeth

Front 9

Deep (intrinsic) back muscles

Back 9

-Erector spinae (sacrospinalis) group—prime movers of back extension and lateral bending

-Semispinalis - extension and rotation

Front 10

—more superficial muscles that elevate ribs for inspiration

Back 10

external intercostals

Front 11

internal incostals

Back 11

—deeper muscles that aid forced expiration

Front 12

Diaphragm

Back 12

Partition between thoracic and abdominal cavities
Most important muscle in inspiration

Front 13

Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Subclavius

Back 13

Anterior extrinsic shoulder muscles

Front 14

Posterior extrinsic shoulder muscles

Back 14

Trapezius
Levator scpulae
Rhomboids (major and minor)

Front 15

Produces butterfly curl movement
Moves arms anteriorly

Back 15

Pectoralis major

Front 16

Moves arms interiorly from reached positions

Back 16

Latissimus dorsi

Front 17

Abduction of the arm

Back 17

Deltoid

Front 18

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

Back 18

Four muscles are rotator cuff muscles

Front 19

chief forearm flexors

Back 19

Brachialis and biceps brachii—

Front 20

Brachioradialis

Back 20

synergist and stabilizer

Front 21

prime mover of forearm extension

Back 21

Triceps brachii

Front 22

weak synergist

Back 22

Anconeus—

Front 23

Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum

Back 23

Flexors of the forearm

Front 24

Extensors of the forearm

Back 24

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor carpi ulnaris

Front 25

Most anterior muscles flex the femur at the hip and extend the leg at the knee (foreswing of walking)

Back 25

Muscles crossing hip and knee joint

Front 26

Medial muscles all adduct the ?

Back 26

thigh

Front 27

Most posterior muscles extend the thigh and flex the leg

Back 27

(backswing of walking)

Front 28

thigh flexors pass in front of the hip joint

Back 28

iliopsoas: prime mover of flexion
-tensor fasciae latae
-rectus femoris

Front 29

Quadriceps femoris

Back 29

sole extensor of the knee

Front 30

flex the knee, and are antagonists to the quadriceps femoris

Back 30

hamstring muscles

Front 31

primary toe extensors and ankle dorsiflexors

Back 31

-tibilais anterior
-extensor digitorum longus
-fibularis tertius

Front 32

extends knee and flexes thigh at hip

Back 32

rectus femoris

Front 33

vastus lateralis

Back 33

extends and stablizies knee

Front 34

vastus medialis

Back 34

extends and stabilizes knee

Front 35

sartorius

Back 35

flexes, adducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee

Front 36

adductor longus

Back 36

adducts and medially rotates as well as flexes thigh

Front 37

gracilis

Back 37

adducts thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg

Front 38

adductor magnus

Back 38

adducts, medially rotates, and flexes thigh

Front 39

semimembranosus

Back 39

extends thigh, flexes knee medially, and rotates leg

Front 40

semitendinous

Back 40

extends thigh and flexes knee

Front 41

bicep femoris

Back 41

extends thigh; laterally rotates leg, flexes knee

Front 42

gluteus maximus

Back 42

complex, powerful thigh extensor, antagonist of iliopsoas, laterally rotates and adducts thigh

Front 43

gluteus medius

Back 43

adducts and medially rotates thigh, steadies pelivs during walking

Front 44

illipsoas

Back 44

flex trunk and thigh

Front 45

prime mover of dorsiflexion;inverts foot

Back 45

tibialis anterior

Front 46

extensor digitorium longus

Back 46

prime mover of toe extension, dorsiflexion foot

Front 47

fibularius longus

Back 47

plantar flexes and everts foot, helps keep foot flat on the ground

Front 48

gastrocnemius lateral medial

Back 48

plantar flexes foot when knee is extended can flex knee

Front 49

soleus

Back 49

plantar flexion

Front 50

flexor hallucis longus

Back 50

flexes great toe; plantar flexes and inverts foot

Front 51

flexor digitorum longus

Back 51

flexes toe; plantar flexes and inverts foot

Front 52

popliteus

Back 52

flexes and rotates leg medially to allow extended knee into flexion

Front 53

deltoid

Back 53

prime mover of arm abduction

Front 54

infraspinatus

Back 54

lateral rotation of humerus, stabilizes shoulder

Front 55

teres minor

Back 55

later rotation of humerus, stabilizes shoulder

Front 56

teres major

Back 56

extends medially, rotates, and adducts humerus; synergist to lats

Front 57

supaspinatus

Back 57

assists adduction of humerusm stabilizes shoulder

Front 58

biceps brachi

Back 58

flexion at elbo, supination of forearm

Front 59

brachialis

Back 59

major flexion of forearm

Front 60

triceps brachii

Back 60

powerful forearm extensor and antagonist to forearm flexors

Front 61

brachioradialis

Back 61

synergist in forearm flexion

Front 62

extensor carpi radialisiongus

Back 62

extends and adducts wrist

Front 63

extensor carpi radialis brevis

Back 63

extends and adducts wrist

Front 64

pronator teres

Back 64

pronation of forearm and weak elbow flexor

Front 65

flexor carpi radialis

Back 65

powerful flexor of wrist, adducts hand

Front 66

palmaris longus

Back 66

flexes wrist, tenses skin and fascia of palm

Front 67

flexor carpi ulnaris

Back 67

powerful flexor of wrist, abducts hand

Front 68

extensor carpi ulnarius

Back 68

extends and abducts wrist

Front 69

extensor digiti minimi

Back 69

extends little finger

Front 70

extensor digitorium

Back 70

prime mover of finger extension

Front 71

supinator

Back 71

acts with biceps brachii to supinate forearm antagonist to pronator muscles

Front 72

pronator quadratus

Back 72

pronates forearm

Front 73

pectoralis major

Back 73

prime mover of arm flexion;adducts, medially rotates arm

Front 74

rectus abdominis

Back 74

flexes and rotates vertebral column, fixes and depresses ribs, stabilizes pelvis during walking

Front 75

serratus anterior

Back 75

moves scapula forward toward chest wall; rotates scapula, abduction and raising of arm

Front 76

externa oblique

Back 76

same as rectus abdominus; also aids in trunk rotation and lateral flexion of the trunk

Front 77

transverus abdominis

Back 77

compresses abdomen

Front 78

internal oblique

Back 78

same as external oblique

Front 79

trapezius

Back 79

extends head, raises , rotates, and retracts scapula and stabilizes it, shrugging

Front 80

infraspinatus

Back 80

lateral rotation of humerus, stabilizes shoulder,

Front 81

teres major

Back 81

extends medially, rotates, and adducts humerus; synergist to "lats"

Front 82

latissimus dorsi

Back 82

prime mover of arm extension; adducts and medially rotates arm, depresses scapula

Front 83

diaphragm

Back 83

prime mover of respiration

Front 84

epicranius

Back 84

frontal raises eyebrows while occipital pulls scal posteriorly

Front 85

orbicularis oculi

Back 85

closes eyes, produces blinking, and allows squinting

Front 86

temporalis

Back 86

closes jaw, elevates and retracts mandible

Front 87

orbicularis oris

Back 87

closes mouth; purses and protrudes lips

Front 88

zygomatic major

Back 88

smiling muscle

Front 89

risorius

Back 89

synergist to zygomaticus major

Front 90

mentalis

Back 90

protrudes lower lip and wrinkles chin

Front 91

zygomaticus minor

Back 91

same as zygomaticus major

Front 92

sternodeidomasetoid

Back 92

forward flexion of neck and rotates head

Front 93

omohyoid

Back 93

depresses larynx and hyoid bone

Front 94

sternohyoid

Back 94

depresses larynx and hyoid bone