A & P 1 Ch 14

Front 1

Name the types of PNS

Back 1

Sensory and Motor division

Front 2

Sensory Division

Back 2

detects stimuli both internal and external

Front 3

Motor Division

Back 3

responds to stimuli by movements (muscles) or secretions (glands)

Front 4

Name the types of Motor Division

Back 4

Somatic Nervous System and Autonomic Nervous System

Front 5

Somatic Nervous System

Back 5

responses that are voluntary

Front 6

Autonomic Nervous System

Back 6

responses that are involuntary

Front 7

What is the Autonomic Nervous System sometimes called?

Back 7

General Visceral Motor System

Front 8

(SNS) Effectors

Back 8

Skeletal Muscle

Front 9

(SNS) Efferent Pathways and Ganglia

Back 9

cell bodies of the motor neuron are in the central nervous system and their axons extend in spinal nerves all the way to the skeletal muscles.

Front 10

(SNS) Utlized Neurotransmitters and their Effectors

Back 10

acetylcholine is released in the synaptic cleft (neuromuscular junction) where it always excites or stimulates the fibers to contract.

Front 11

(ANS) Effectors

Back 11

cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands

Front 12

(ANS) Efferent Pathways and Ganglia

Back 12

the motor unit of the ANS is a two neuron chain

Front 13

(ANS) Utilized neurotransmitters and their effects

Back 13

Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, Ach

Front 14

Norepinephrine and Epinephrine and Ach

Back 14

effect varies according to target tissues

Front 15

Name the types of ANS

Back 15

Sympathetic (fight or flight) or Parasympathetic (rest and digest)

Front 16

How do the Para and sympethic divisions work together?

Back 16

dual innervations, in other words the two divisions counterbalance each other’s activities in an attempt to maintain homeostasis

Hint 16

None

Front 17

What are Parasympathetic and Sympathetic seperated by?

Back 17

Origin and Length of Fibers and location of Ganglia

Front 18

Origin of Fibers (para)

Back 18

brain and sacral spinal cord

Front 19

Origin of Fibers (sym)

Back 19

Thoracic and Lumbar reigon

Front 20

Lengths of Fibers (para)

Back 20

long preganglionic and short postganglionic fibers

Front 21

Lengths of Fibers (sym)

Back 21

short preganglionic fibers and long postganglionic fibers

Front 22

Location of Ganglia (para)

Back 22

visceral offector organ

Front 23

Location of Ganglia (sym)

Back 23

near spinal cord

Front 24

What is another name of Parasympathetic NS?

Back 24

Craniosacral Division

Front 25

Name the nerves of the Cranial Out flow

Back 25

Oculormotor, Facial, Clossopharyngeal, Vagus

Front 26

Where does the Oculomotor nerve synapse?

Back 26

ciliary ganglia

Front 27

What does the Oculomotor nerve innervate?

Back 27

causes the pupils to constrict and the pupils to bulge

Front 28

Where does the Facial nerve synapse?

Back 28

in two places: pterygopalantine ganglia and Submandibliar ganglia

Front 29

In the facial nerve, what does the ptergopalantine ganglia innervate?

Back 29

both the nasal and the lacrimal gland

Front 30

In the facial nerve, what does the submandibluar ganglia innervate?

Back 30

the submandibluar and sublingual salivary glands

Front 31

What does the Glossopharyngral nerve innervate?

Back 31

parotid salivary gland

Front 32

Where does the Glossopharyngeal nerve synapse?

Back 32

otic ganglia

Front 33

Where does the Vagus nerve synapse?

Back 33

in the intramural ganglia

Front 34

intermural ganglia

Back 34

organs including: heart, lung, gall bladder, stomach, intestine

Front 35

Whats another name for preganglionic fibers?

Back 35

pelvic splanchinc nerves

Front 36

What are the sacral outflow orgins?

Back 36

preganglionic fibers

Front 37

Where do preganglionic fibers synapse?

Back 37

in the intramural ganglia

Front 38

Name the organs in the Sacral out flow

Back 38

intestines, bladder, genitalia

Front 39

Whats another name for Sympathetic System?

Back 39

Thoracolumbar Division

Front 40

Name the outflow patterns for an eye in the sympathetic system

Back 40

ventral root, white ramus, gray ramus, go up/down, synapse in another ganglia

Front 41

Name the outflow patterns for the heart in the sympathetic system

Back 41

ventral root, white ramus, synapse in own ganglia, gray matter ventral ramus

Front 42

Name the Outflow pattern of the stomach in the sympathetic system

Back 42

ventral root, white ramus, passes through paravertebral, synapse in collateral organ

Front 43

Name the types of ganglia with in the paravertebral ganglia

Back 43

superior cervial ganglion, stellate ganglion

Front 44

What does the superior cervical ganglion influence?

Back 44

muscles of the iris, nasal and salivary glands, steating,arrector pili muscles, blood vessles, carotid, larynx, pharynx

Front 45

What does the Stellate Ganglion influence?

Back 45

heart, aorta, bronchioles, esophagus, and spincter

Front 46

Name the places that a nerve can synapse outside the ganglia

Back 46

thoracic splanchnic nerves, lumbar and sacral splanchnic nerves

Front 47

Name the parts of Thoracic Splanchnic nerve

Back 47

Celiac and superior mesenteric ganglion

Front 48

What does the Celiac Ganglion influence?

Back 48

stomach, adreanal medulla, liver, kidneys, intestines

Front 49

What does the Superior mesenteric ganglion influence?

Back 49

decreases; small intestines

Front 50

Name the parts of the Lumbar and Sacral splanchnic nerves

Back 50

Inferior Mesenteric ganglion and Hypogastric Ganglion

Front 51

Name the organs of the Inferior Mesenteric ganglion

Back 51

large intestines (decresases)

Front 52

Name the organs of the Hypogastric ganglion

Back 52

bladder, genitailia

Front 53

Name the major neurotransmitters of the ANS

Back 53

Acetyocholine and Norepinephrine

Front 54

What is the Acetyocholine released by?

Back 54

all ANS preganglionic axons, parasympathetic postganglionic axons

Front 55

Cholinergic Fibers

Back 55

all ANS preganglionic axons, parasympathetic postganglionic axons

Front 56

What do most sympathetic postganglionic axons release?

Back 56

NE and are adrenergic fibers

Front 57

Cholinergic Receptors

Back 57

bind to Ach and are based on the drug that the mimic

Front 58

Name the types of Cholinergic Receptors

Back 58

Nictinic receptors and Muscarinic receptors

Front 59

Nictinic Receptors are found where?

Back 59

on all ganglionic neurons, the adrenal medularry cells and skeletal muscles

Front 60

Where are Muscarinic Receptors found?

Back 60

found on all parasympathetic target organs and select sympathetic organs (Eccrine sweat glands and blood vessels of skeletal muscle

Front 61

What does Ach always stimulate?

Back 61

Nocotinic receptors

Front 62

What does Ach stimulate or inhibit?

Back 62

Muscarinic Receptors

Front 63

What does Adrenergic Receptors bind to?

Back 63

Adrinaline

Front 64

Name the types of Aderenergic Receptors

Back 64

Alpha and Beta

Front 65

Where is Alpha located?

Back 65

blood vessles, mucosae, visceral organs, kidneys, salivary glands, and all sympathetic organs except the heart

Front 66

Where is the Beta located?

Back 66

within the heart, coronary bloodvessles, kidneys, liver, adipose tissue, lungs

Front 67

What happens when NE binds to alpha?

Back 67

it is stimulatory

Front 68

What happens when NE binds to beta?

Back 68

its inhibitory

Front 69

Atropine

Back 69

an anticholinergic drug blocks parasympathetic effects and is routinely administered to prevent salivation, cause pupil dilation, and to dry up respiratory secretions.

Front 70

Neostigmine

Back 70

inhibits acetylcholinesterase. Therefore ACh accumulates in the synapse and muscle contraction is impaired

Front 71

Ephedrine

Back 71

is a sympathetic-mimicking drug that stimulates alpha adrenergic receptors

Front 72

Beta Blockers

Back 72

are drugs that inhibit the cardiac Beta1 adrenergic receptors. These help to reduce heart rate and arrhythmias without disrupting other sympathetic effects