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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define/; Nerves
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Cord like bundles of MYELINATED and UNMYELINATED axons eclosed by connective tissue sheaths
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DEfine: Ganglia
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Connections of neural cell BODIES outside the Central Nervous System
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Largest Cranial Nerve
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Trigeminal Nerve
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Chief motor nerves of the brain with 5 major branches
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Facial Nerve
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Innervates part of the tongue and pharynx for swallowing, and provides parasympathetic fibers to the parotid salivary gland
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Glossopharyngeal Nerve
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Has cranial and spinal root
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Accessory Nerve
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Leave Skull via optic foramen
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Optic Nerve
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Arises from the Olfactory receptor cells of the nasal cavity
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Olfactory Nerve
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Rootlets pass into the cranium via each foramen magnum
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Accessory Nerve
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Sensory fibers carry impulses from taste buds of epiglottis and pharynx
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Vagus Nerve
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Carries impulses from choratid chemoreceptors and baroreceptors
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Glossopharyngeal Nerve
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Relays parasympathetic impulses to lacrimal and salivary glands
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Facial Nerve
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Supplies motor fibers for mastication
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Trigeminal Nerve
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Constricts the iris and controls lens shape
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Oculomotor Nerve
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Conveys sensory impulses from various areas of the face
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Trigeminal Nerve
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Innervates the trapezius and sternocliedomastoid muscles
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Accessory Nerve
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Sensory fibers carry impulses from thoracic and abdominal viscera
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Vagus Nerve
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Motor Functions include facial expressions
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Facial Nerve
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Mandibular Nerve is one of its divisions
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Trigeminal Nerve
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Functions in raising the eyelid and directing the eyeball
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Oculomotor Nerve
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Arises from the retinas
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Optic Nerve
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Innervates the lateral rectus muscle
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Abducens Nerve
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Has three divisions
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Trigeminal Nerve
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Purely sensory functions
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Olfactory and Optic Nerves
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Exits the skull via the hypoglossal canal
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Hypoglosssal Nerve
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Formed from ventral rootlests from the C1-C5 region of the spinal cord
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Accessory Nerve
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Most motor fibers re parasympathetic fibers that help regulate the activities of the heart, lungs, and abdominal vescera
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Vagus Nerve
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Fibers conduct state and general sensory impulses fro the pharynx and posterior tongue
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Glossopharyngeal Nerve
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Carries taste fibers from the anterior two thrids of the tongue
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Facial Nerves
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The only cranial nerves that extend beyond the head and neck region
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Vagus Nerve
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Passes through the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
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Olfactory Nerve
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Innervates the superior oblique muscle
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Trochlear Nerve
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Carries afferent fibers from the hearing and equilibrium fibers
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Vestibulocochlear Nerve
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Innervates extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue that contribute to swallowing and speech
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Hypoglossal Nerve
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Fibers extend from the ventral midbrain through the superior orbital fissures to four extrinsic eye muscles
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Oculomotor Nerve
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How many pairs of spinal nerves?
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31
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How many Cervical nerves?
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8
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How many Thoracic nerves?
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12
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How many Lumbar nerves?
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5
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How many Sacral nerves?
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5
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How many Coccygeal nerves?
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1
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Each spinal nerve connects to the
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Spinal cord
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Spinal nerve connects to the spinal cord via what two roots?
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Ventral and Dorsal Roots
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Ventral root contains what type of fibers
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Motor/efferent Fibers
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Where does the motor efferent roots come from?
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Ventral Horn Motor neurons
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Ventral horn motor neurons innervates what muscles?
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Skeletal
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The Dorsal root contains which type of fibers?
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Sensory/afferent fibers
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Where does the sensory afferent fibers come from?
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Sensory neurons in the Dorsal Root Ganglion
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The ventral and dorsal roots unite to form what?
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Spinal Nerve
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Spinal nerve exits the canal via
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Intervertebral foramen
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Emerges through the intervebral foramen
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Spinal Nerves
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Ramus for the muscles and skin of the POSTERIOR part of the body
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Dorsal Ramus
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Ramus for the muscles and skin of the ANTERIOR part of the body
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Ventral Ramus
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Define: Dermatome
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Area of skin innervated by a single spinal nerve
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Hilton's Law
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Any nerve serving a MUSCLE that produces movement at a JOINT also innervates the JOINT and the SKIN over the joint
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Cervical plexus innervates the skin and muscles of
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The neck, ear, back of head, and shoulders
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What is the most important nerve of the Cervical plexus?
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Phrenic Nerve
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Brachial Nerves gives rise to nerves that innervates the skin and muscles of what area of the body?
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Upper limb
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Major nerve of the Brachial plexus are:
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Axillary, Musculocutaneous, Median, Ulnar, and Radial Nerve
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The most complex plexus is?
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Brachial PLexus
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The two major Branches of the Lumbar plexus are?
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Femoral and Obturator
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The longest and thickest "nerve" of the body
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Sacral Plexus
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What plexus serves the serves buttock, lower limb, pelvic structures, and perineum.
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Sacral Plexus
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What re the two branches of the sacral nerves?
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Tibia and Common Fibular nerves
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The branches of the sacral nerve join to form what nerve?
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Sciatic Nerve
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Common fibular nerves join to form what nerve?
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Sciatic Nerve
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What are the components of a reflex arc?
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Receptor==> Sensory Neuron==> Integration Center==> Motor Neuron==> Effector
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What reflexes are monosynaptic and ipsilateral?
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Stretch Reflexes
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What is a Stretch Reflex
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Contraction of a muscle in response to that muscle getting stretched
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Type of reflex used to maintain muscle tone?
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Stretch Reflex
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Which reflex stimulates extensor on contralateral side
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Crossed Extensor Reflex
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Which reflex causes automatic withdrawal of a threatened body part if there is painful stimulus
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Flexor (Withdrawal) Reflex
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A reflex that results from practice is a(n) ______ reflex.
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Acquired
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A reflex that is involuntary motor response to a stimulus is:
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Intrinsic (inborn)
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A reflex that result from practice or repetition is:
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Acquired (Learned)
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Type os superficial reflex
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Planter reflex
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