Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the process of child acquiring language? |
Pre-verbal Cooing Babbling Holophrastic Two word Telegraphic Post-Telegraphic |
|
|
What is the pre-verbal stage? |
After birth Simple, bodily made noise E.g. crying for attention This exercises vocal cords |
|
|
What is the cooing stage? |
Begins at 2 months Experiments with noises made when tongue and mouth come into contact Comes before babbling |
|
|
What is babbling? |
Comes at 6 months Resembles vowel and consonant sounds |
|
|
What are the different kinds of babbling? |
Reduplicated babbling - comes first, same sound repeated Variegated babbling - varies consonant and vowel sounds |
|
|
What is the holophrastic stage? |
Comes around 1st birthday One word conveys whole sentence word of meaning |
|
|
What is substitution? |
Swapping one sound for another so it is easier to pronounce |
|
|
What is assimilation? |
One consonant or vowel is swapped for another |
|
|
What is deletion? |
Omitting a particular sound within a word |
|
|
What is consonant cluster reduction? |
Deleting consonants when there is more than one next to each other in a word |
|
|
What is the two word stage? |
Happens at 18 months Potential meaning has narrowed from holophrastic Beginning to understand grammar |
|
|
How many words will a child know by 2 years old? |
300 |
|
|
What is the Telegraphic stage? |
Comes at age 2 Long, more complete utterances |
|
|
What is the post Telegraphic stage? |
More accuracy with pronouns and verbs |
|
|
What is the behaviourist theory? |
Skinner Published 1957 Opperant conditioning - learn through imitation Positive and negative reinforcement Wrong = because children don't suddenly produce grammatically complete language |
|
|
Who's theory was Behaviourism? |
Skinner 1957 |
|
|
What was the nativism theory? |
LAD (Language Acquisition Device) We have a built in ability to learn language Where virtuous error came from - being logical in applying the grammar if not quite right Wrong - because it doesn't mention anything of caregivers which I child needs interaction with |
|
|
What was the cognitive theory? |
Piaget 1926 Four stages of language acquisition A child needs to explore and question world to learn language - need a conceptual understanding |
|
|
Who came up with the Cognitive theory? |
Piaget 1926 |
|
|
What is the interactionism theory? |
Bruner 1960? LASS (Language Acquisition Support System) meaning the caregiver Scaffolding A child learns language through caregiver teaching child |
|
|
Who created the interactionism theory? |
Bruner |
|
|
What is the scaffolding theory? |
Similar to interactionist - came before Bruner MKO (More Knowledgable Other) A child needs a caregiver to influence them and provide the support or scaffolding to develop language |
|
|
What is the zone of proximal development? |
Describes the area of what a child can already do and what is beyond their ability so far. The area the MKO can support and scaffold |
|
|
What is CDS? |
Child Directed Speech |
|
|
What are features of CDS (Child Directed Speech)? |
Higher pitch Long pauses Slow/clearer speech Repetition More questions and provide answer Diminutives Nouns rather than pronouns Recasts - repeat what child said correctly Politeness features |
|
|
Who was Jean Berko-Gleason |
1975 Father's used more commands and teased children Mother's used less complex constructions and more responsive to children. |
|
|
Who was Catherine Garvey? |
1977 Wrote how important playing is to help children learn language from each other Also imagination helps them experiment with language |
|
|
What are Hallidays seven functions of child language? |
Instrumental Regulatory Interactional Personal Heuristic Imaginative Representational |
|
|
What does instrumental function mean? |
Child trying to fulfil a need |
|
|
What is the regulatory function? |
Control behaviour |
|
|
What is the international function? |
Used to develop relationships with others |
|
|
What is the personal function? |
Used to express views and preferences |
|
|
What is the heuristic function? |
Used to explore the world around them |
|
|
What is the imaginative function? |
Used to explore something creatively |
|
|
What is representational function? |
Used to exchange information |
|
|
What is overextension? |
Use of a word more broadly to describe things |
|
|
What is underextension? |
A child uses a word more narrowly to describe something |
|
|
What is a hyponym? |
More specific word |
|
|
What is a hypernym? |
More general term |
