A - Foundations Of Professional Practice Exam

Front 1

Which of the following is an accurate statement about nursing?

Back 1

Most early nursing functions were passed down through generations as traditions.

Front 2

An example of early managed health care that included a sliding scale fee is associated with which culture?

Back 2

Babylonian.

Front 3

Which of the following were health care contributions of the Hebrews?

Back 3

Xenodochia (hospitals) and isolation procedures to manage communicable diseases.

Front 4

The phrase "do no harm", a foundational principle of nursing and medical ethics, can be traced to:

Back 4

the Hippocratic oath.

Front 5

Which of the following belief systems, religious practices, or time periods had a major impact on nursing care of the poor?

Back 5

First-century Christianity.

Front 6

Which of the following provides a prototype for the current parish nurse movement in the U.S.A.?

Back 6

First-century widows and deaconesses.

Front 7

Which movement gave rise to early hospitals?

Back 7

Monasticism.

Front 8

Most characteristic of nursing in the 1500s and 1600s was:

Back 8

many hospitals were city run, and nursing care was often given by women with little training or education.

Front 9

Best characterizes the period of time known as the Industrial Revolution:

Back 9

primary health care issues were communicable diseases like cholera and typhus.

Front 10

The person most closely associated with the American Association of the Red Cross is:

Back 10

Clara Barton.

Front 11

The following contributions can be traced to the early influence of Dorothea Lynde Dix:

Back 11

government-controlled psychiatric hospitals in the U.S.A.

Front 12

Who is known for her role in the women's suffrage movement and for her care of Union soldiers?

Back 12

Sojouorner Truth.

Front 13

Luther Christman was a founder of:

Back 13

The American Assembly for Men in Nursing.

Front 14

In the U.S.A., Melinda Ann (Linda) Richards was considered the first:

Back 14

trained nurse.

Front 15

Nurse historians associate Lillian D. Wald with:

Back 15

early public health nursing and opening of the Henry Street Settlement.

Front 16

Margaret Sanger is often associated with aspects of current nursing curriculum involving:

Back 16

ethical issues and birth control information.

Front 17

Lavinia Dock greatly influenced the development of what nursing movement?

Back 17

Expanded role of the nurse (i.e. clinical specialist).

Front 18

WWI and WWII highlighted the:

Back 18

need for better educationally-prepared nurses.

Front 19

Mary Eliza Mahoney was the:

Back 19

first black graduate of a school of nursing in the U.S.A.

Front 20

As a result of the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps, starting in WWII:

Back 20

federal funds for nursing education went directly to nursing schools.

Front 21

____ resulted in the creation of the Cadet Nurse Corps?

Back 21

The Nurse Training Act of 1943 (the Bolton Act).

Front 22

New emergency procedures requiring a higher level of nursing skill were first developed during:

Back 22

the Vietnam War.

Front 23

The Nurse Training Act of 1964 (passed during the Vietnam War), made funds available for nursing programs accredited by the:

Back 23

National League for Nursing (NLN).

Front 24

In "Nursing for the Future", Esther Lucil Brown recommended:

Back 24

that professional nursing education take place primarily in universities and colleges.

Front 25

The person associated with the report "Community College Education for Nursing" is:

Back 25

Mildred Montag.

Front 26

In "The Education of Nursing Technicians", _____ were recommended for nurses to be educated and trained in?

Back 26

assisting, technical, and professional functions

Front 27

Nurses who are certified in a specialty area like gerontology have been supported in their efforts by the findings of:

Back 27

The Study of Credentialing in Nursing: A New Approach.

Front 28

A major issue addressed by the American Hospital Association-sponsored National Commission on Nursing study was:

Back 28

educational preparation for independent decision making by nurses.

Front 29

Health Professions Education for the Future: Schools in Service to the Nation predicted a future need for:

Back 29

Nurse Practitioners and Nurse-Midwives.

Front 30

A primary purpose of the Healthy People 2010 initiative was:

Back 30

establishing national goals for health promotion and disease prevention.

Front 31

____ was recommended by the Pew Health Professions Commission report.

Back 31

The closure of some nursing schools and the development of interdisciplinary education.

Front 32

An example of a nursing competency is:

Back 32

the provision of culturally-sensitive care.

Front 33

A nurse wanting to be involved in a political action committee would join:

Back 33

The American Nurses Association (ANA).

Front 34

A controversial recommendation of the ANA was related to:

Back 34

the minimal education level for beginning professional nursing practice.

Front 35

Negotiations between unionized workers and their employers is called:

Back 35

collective bargaining.

Front 36

The National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) is most concerned with:

Back 36

regulatory issues involving licensing and practice.

Front 37

The parent organization of the National Student Nurses Association (NSNA) is the:

Back 37

American Nurses Association (ANA).

Front 38

A nurse who has made a highly significant contribution to nursing and is considered a fellow would be an elected member of the:

Back 38

American Academy of Nursing (AAN).

Front 39

A goal of the International Council of Nurses (ICN) is:

Back 39

access to health care for all people.

Front 40

The primary focus of the National League for Nursing (NLN) concerns is:

Back 40

reforming nursing education and improving educational standards.

Front 41

A person interested in exploring statistics related to various nursing schools would most likely write to the:

Back 41

National League for Nursing.

Front 42

A true statement about the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) might be:

Back 42

the AACN accredits baccalaureate and master's degree programs.

Front 43

The primary purpose of clinical specialty organizations is to:

Back 43

better serve nurses with advanced skills in some area of nursing.

Front 44

A major influence on health care in the last decade of the 20th century was

Back 44

an increased interest by the American public in alternative spiritualities.

Front 45

A true statement about today's culture compared with the culture of 50 years ago is that:

Back 45

there has been a rise in the number of adolescent parents and single-parent families.

Front 46

A continuing education topic that would be most helpful to a nurse working with an adolescent population in community health would be:

Back 46

treatment of STDs and substance abuse.

Front 47

A condition related to lifestyle changes in which patient teaching would be a primary nursing intervention is:

Back 47

heart disease.

Front 48

A nurse asks a patient with cancer how he is coping, and the patient tells the nurse "I feel just fine. I have no concerns. I don't need to discuss my condition with anyone." What cultural value might he be exhibiting?

Back 48

stoicism.

Front 49

A true statement related to health care today compared with health care in the 1960s and 1970s is that:

Back 49

there is an increased need for teaching relatives and friends of patients about care needs.

Front 50

The phrase that would best characterize today's health care environment is:

Back 50

"managed care".

Front 51

An example of capitated funding is:

Back 51

health maintenance organizations (HMOs).

Front 52

A monthly payment is made to a provider of health care to cover contracted health care services for each member enrolled in the program:

Back 52

capitation programs.

(i.e. HMOs)

Front 53

In a capitated system, providers may not be able to recoup costs for a patient whose needs are complex and whose care costs are high because providers are:

Back 53

paid a flat rate, regardless of the actual costs to them.

Front 54

The primary goal of capitated payment systems is to:

Back 54

lower the costs of care by encouraging more preventive services by providers.

Front 55

The theory behind capitation programs is that:

Back 55

if people exercise preventive interventions, they will be less likely to need acute care and hospitalization in the future.

Front 56

The primary goal of managed care systems is to:

Back 56

lower and contain the cost of health care delivery.

Front 57

DRGs and RUGs are examples of:

Back 57

prospective payment systems.

Front 58

The government agency responsible for setting and regulating federal reimbursement rates to institutions is:

Back 58

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS).

Front 59

The system that is the most economical reimbursement or payment system from the perspective of managed care is:

Back 59

HMOs.

Front 60

DRG reimbursement is predetermined based on:

Back 60

similar case costs.

Front 61

A 35-year-old man who has recently been fired from his job is admitted to a nursing unit with a fractured hip. He tells the nurse that he is having difficulty paying his rent and has no health insurance. What payment system might the nurse eventually expect him to be covered under:

Back 61

Medicaid.

Front 62

What is a primary focus of managed care services?

Back 62

health maintenance and disease management.

Front 63

A type of care management that focuses on people with complex care needs is:

Back 63

disease management.

Front 64

If a patient pays out of pocket for health care services at a physician's office and receives no reimbursement, what type of payment system is the patient using?

Back 64

fee-for-service.

Front 65

A common characteristic of home care clients recently discharged from the hospital and covered under Medicare:

Back 65

they would be receiving skilled care from a discipline like nursing.

Front 66

An employer in a nursing home is concerned about rising workman's compensation claims from his nursing assistants. On what topic would the employer probably require all nursing assistants to attend a mandatory in-service?

Back 66

body mechanics to prevent back injuries

Front 67

A patient is looking for a health insurance program in which he would make a small co-payment at the time of any service. What type of program might a nurse recommend?

Back 67

an HMO.

Front 68

A nurse who feels strongly about a health care issue like increased funding for nursing research might be hired by the ANA to influence and elicit the support of influential people who vote on this issue nationally. What is this primary activity of the ANA representative called?

Back 68

lobbying

Front 69

An act successfully supported by the ANA-PAC was the:

Back 69

The Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act.

Front 70

The purpose of the Nurse Reinvestment Act of 2002 is to:

Back 70

provide financial assistance to ease the nurse shortage.

Front 71

An example of a special interest group is the:

Back 71

American Association of Retired Persons (AARP).

Front 72

The system of basic underlying principles of a health care institution is called the institution's:

Back 72

philosophy.

Front 73

Philosophies of schools of nursing are often based on:

Back 73

particular nursing theories.

Front 74

A committee of direct care nurses in a nursing home help review standards of health care and make recommendations to management.
What type of organizational structure does this reflect?

Back 74

a decentralized organizational structure

Front 75

If a nurse takes a call in a nursing home from a person who threatens to blow up the nursing home with a bomb,
what would be the most important thing for the nurse to be aware of?

Back 75

The organizational chart and communication patterns in the facility.

Front 76

A nurse working in primary care would most likely be involved with:

Back 76

health education.

Front 77

A primary principle in all organizations that involves the ability to explain one's actions and the results of those actions to others is:

Back 77

accountability.

Front 78

Several patients are admitted to the ER with severe diarrhea and vomiting.
Their family members claim that they all ate at the same restaurant.
What agency might a nurse call first?

Back 78

the local public health department

Front 79

An associate degree nurse giving secondary care would most likely work in a:

Back 79

hospital emergency room.

Front 80

An associate degree nurse involved in tertiary care might do which of the following?

Back 80

Teach an elderly man in an assisted living center how to care for a permanent colostomy to prevent skin breakdown.

Front 81

The overall guidelines of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) are designed to:

Back 81

prevent injuries and protect the health of employees.

Front 82

A true statement about the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) might be:

Back 82

surveys by this agency may include observing a nursing medication pass.

Front 83

The agency that monitors health maintenance organizations (HMOs) is the:

Back 83

National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA).

Front 84

What regulatory standard does the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) use?

Back 84

the Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set (HEDIS)