A And P Final

Front 1

The anterior pituitary is also known as the ________.

Back 1

Adenohypophysis

Front 2

The _____ are important family of _______ secretions

Back 2

Eicosanoids

Paracrine

Front 3

An endemic goiter results from _______ and (increases/decreases) release of _____ hormone.

Back 3

Iodine deficiency; decreases; thyroid hormone

Front 4

The small intestine begins with the _____ the part connected to the stomach

Back 4

Duodenum

Front 5

The outermost layer of most of the esophagus is called______

Back 5

Adventitia

Front 6

The process of _____ consists of muscular contractions whose effect is to need and churn contents.

Back 6

Segmentation

Front 7

______ is the process of synthesizing glucose from amino acids.

Back 7

Gluconeogenisis

Front 8

The product of anaerobic fermentation are _____ and _____.

Back 8

Lactic acid and NAD+

Front 9

True or false. Hormone serve as intercellular messagers

Back 9

False

Front 10

True or false. Testosterone is a gonadotropin

Back 10

False

Front 11

True or false. Testosterone is a gonadotropin

Back 11

False

Front 12

True or false. Enamel is found in the crown of the tooth, whereas dentin is a part of both the crown in the root.

Back 12

True

Front 13

True or false. Absorption of many nutrients starts in the stomach

Back 13

False

Front 14

True or false. Aerobic respiration is more efficient then anaerobic fermentation, but the latter is oxygen dependent

Back 14

False

Front 15

The post absorptive state is primarily regulated by insulin

Back 15

False

Front 16

Steroid hormones bind to_____ of the target cell.

Back 16

Protein receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus

Front 17

Which gland secretes calcitonin and a hormone that stimulates ATP production?

Back 17

Thyroid gland

Front 18

The endocrine system reacts to stimuli (slowly/quickly) compared to the nervous system, adapts (slowly/quickly) compared to the nervous system, and has (widespread/specific) effects compared to the nervous system.

Back 18

Slowly; slowly; widespread

Front 19

Which gland secretes oxytocin

Back 19

Posterior pituitary

Front 20

Thyrotropin releasing hormone targets the_____

Back 20

Anterior pituitary

Front 21

Which of the following is not an anterior pituitary hormone? Thyroid stimulating hormone; luteinizing hormone; growth hormone; somatostatin; prolactin

Back 21

Somatostatin

Front 22

The_____ secretes a hormone which aids in immune function

Back 22

Thymus

Front 23

Many hours after a meal, alpha cells in the pancreatic islets secrete_____ which _____ blood glucose.

Back 23

Glucagon; raises

Front 24

The serous membranes that suspend the stomach and intestines from the abdominal wall are called______.

Back 24

Mesenteries

Front 25

Lipase is produced in the_____, _____, ______.

Back 25

Mouth, stomach, pancreas

Front 26

Which of the following is not an extrinsic muscle of the tongue

Back 26

Lingualglossus

Front 27

Secretin is released from the duodenum in response to____

Back 27

Hydrochloric acid in chyme

Front 28

Pepsinogen is produced by_____ and is activated by _____ which is secreted by_____

Back 28

Chief cells; hydrochloric acid; parietal cells

Front 29

Which of the following is not a component of pancreatic juice

Back 29

Enterokinase

Front 30

Name some of the components of pancreatic juice

Back 30

Trypsinogen; chymotrypsinogen; pro carboxypeptidase; sodium bicarbonate

Front 31

In the parietal cells, the enzyme carbonic anhydrase causes a reaction between_____ and ____

Back 31

Carbon dioxide; water

Front 32

The pancreas secretes a number of zymogens at the duodenum including_____, ____, ____.

Back 32

Trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, pro carboxypeptidase

Front 33

_____ are short-term regulators of appetite, whereas______ is a long-term regulator

Back 33

Peptide YY (PYY) and cholecystokinin (CCK); insulin

Front 34

What is the net result of energy from a single glycolysis run

Back 34

2 NADH; 2 ATP

Front 35

Which of the following are macronutrients?

Back 35

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and water

Front 36

Which of the following does not describe the essential nutrients ( those that the body cannot make)

All minerals, most vitamins, 15of the 20 amino acids, 1 of the 3 fatty acids

Back 36

15of the 20 amino acids

Front 37

Which of the following is responsible for the removal of excess cholesterol from cells and the bloodstream?

Back 37

HDL's

Front 38

True or false. Glycerol from the breakdown of triglycerides can contribute to glycolysis.

Back 38

True

Front 39

What process produces most of the NADH that contributes to ATP synthesis in the cell?

Back 39

The citric acid cycle

Front 40

The first step of glycolysis is ____

Back 40

Phosphorylation

Front 41

Name all the ways the body loses heat?

Back 41

Evaporation, radiation, conduction, convection

Front 42

True or false. The action of pepsin on proteins in the stomach is an example of chemical digestion.

Back 42

True

Front 43

True or false. The action of salivary amylase on food is an example of mechanical digestion.

Back 43

False

Front 44

True or false. Pancreatic lipase contributes to mechanical digestion

Back 44

False

Front 45

True or false. Pancreatic lipase contributes to mechanical digestion

Back 45

False

Front 46

True or false. The emulsification of fats by bike is an example of chemical digestion

Back 46

False

Front 47

True or false. Glycerol from the breakdown of triglycerides can contribute to the citric acid cycle.

Back 47

False

Front 48

True or false. Further processing of the fatty acids of triglycerides can contribute to glycolysis

Back 48

False

Front 49

Amino acids can be deaminated to form keto acids which then contribute to glycolysis only.

Back 49

False

Front 50

What are priming

Back 50

Rearrangement of glucose to form fructose 6-phosphate

Front 51

What is cleavage

Back 51

Split to form 2 PGAL

Front 52

What is oxidation

Back 52

PGAL oxidized; NAD + and NADH+ 2H2; phosphate group added

Front 53

Why is De phosphorylation

Back 53

ADP->ATP; pyruvic acid