A And P Ch.7 Pt.2

Front 1

I. Olfactory

Back 1

Smell

Front 2

II. Optic

Back 2

Vision

Front 3

III. Oculomotor

Back 3

Controls eye movement

Front 4

IV. Trochlear

Back 4

One externalbeye muscle

Front 5

V. Trigeminal

Back 5

Conducts sensory impulses away from the skin of the face

Front 6

VI. Abducens

Back 6

Supplies motor function to the lateral eye muscle, rolls eye laterally

Front 7

VII. Facial

Back 7

Activates muscles for facial expressions

Front 8

VIII. Vestibulocochlear

Back 8

Transmit for the sense of balance

Front 9

IX. Glossospharyngeal

Back 9

Suppliea motor fibers to the pharynx (throat)

Front 10

X. Vagus

Back 10

Carry sensory impulses from and to the pharynx, larynx, abdominal, abdominal and thoracic viscera

Front 11

XI. Accessory

Back 11

Activate the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muacles

Front 12

XII. Hypoglossal

Back 12

Motor fibers control tongue movement.

Front 13

What protects the nervous system

Back 13

Scalp and skin

Skull and vertebral column

Meninges

Cerebrospinal fluid

Blood brain barrier

Front 14

Where is the dura mater

Back 14

Double layer external covering

Exteral layer

Front 15

Where is the periosteum attached

Back 15

Inner surface of the skull

Front 16

Arachnoid layer

Back 16

Middle layer

Clings to the surface of the brain

Front 17

Where is the pia mater

Back 17

Internal layer

Clings to the surface of tge brain

Front 18

What does the cerebrospinal fluid do

Back 18

-Similar to blood plasma composition

-Forms a watery cushion for protecting the brain

Front 19

Where is cerebrospinal fluid circulated

Back 19

Arachnoid space, ventricles, and central canal of the spinal cord

Front 20

What causes hydrocephalus

Back 20

When csf accumulates and exerts pressure of the brain if not drained

Front 21

How does causes the blood brain barrier ro exclude many harmful substances

Back 21

The near impermeable capillaries

Front 22

What substances can pass the blood brain barrier

Back 22

Fats and soluble molecules

Respiratory gass

Alcohol

Nicotine

Anesthesia

Front 23

What are the tramatic brain injuries

Back 23

Concussion

Contusion

Cerebral edema

Cerebrovascular accident (Stroke)

Front 24

What is a concussion

Back 24

Slight brain injury

No permanent damage

Front 25

What is a contusion

Back 25

Nervous tissue destroyed

Nervous tissue doesn't regenerat

Front 26

What is a cerebral edema

Back 26

-Swelling from the inflammatory response

-May compress and kill brain tissue

Front 27

What is a cerebrovascular accident

Back 27

-Stroke

-Ruptured blood vessels supplying a region of the brain

-Loss of some function or possible death

Front 28

What is Alzheimer's disease

Back 28

-Progressive degeneration of the bran

-Mostly in elderly but can occur i middle age

-Victims experience memory loss, irritability, confusion, and deatg

Front 29

What causes Alzheimer's disease

Back 29

Structural changes in the brain including abnormal protein deposits and twisted fibers with neurons

Front 30

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there

Back 30

31 pairs

Front 31

What is the collection of spinal nerves in the inferior

Back 31

Cauda equina

Front 32

What is internal gray matter mostly

Back 32

Cell bodies

Front 33

What does the gray matter in the spinal cord surrond

Back 33

The central canal

Front 34

What is the central canal filled with

Back 34

Cerebrospinal fluid

Front 35

What covers the brain and spinal cord

Back 35

Meninges

Front 36

Where do spinal nerves leave

Back 36

The level of each vertebrae

Front 37

What the endoneurim surrond

Back 37

Each fiber

Front 38

What bundles groups of fibers into fasicles

Back 38

Perineurium

Front 39

What are fasicles bound together by

Back 39

Epuneurium

Front 40

What are the classification of neurons

Back 40

Mixed

Sensory (afferent)-Towards CNS

Motor (efferent)- Away from CNS

Front 41

How are spinal cords named

Back 41

For the region where they arise

Front 42

What does the dorsal rami serve

Back 42

Skin and muscle of posterior trunk

Front 43

What does the ventral rami form

Back 43

Complex networks(plexus) for the anterior

Front 44

What are the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system

Back 44

Sympathetic

Parasympathetic

Front 45

What is the types of nerves in the autonomic nervous system

Back 45

Somatic- One motor neuron

Autonomic- Preganglionic and postganglionic nerves

Front 46

What are the somatic effector organs

Back 46

Skeletal muscles

Front 47

What are the autonomic effector organs

Back 47

Smooth and cardiac muscles and glands

Front 48

What Neurotransmitter(s) does the somatic system use

Back 48

Acetylcoline

Front 49

What neurotransmitters does the autonomic system use

Back 49

Acetylcoline, epiniphrine, or norepinephrine

Front 50

Where does the sympathetic division originate

Back 50

T1- L2