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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which one is true for Near Drowning (Cam 873)
a) Hypothermia following warm water (>10C) drowning carries better prognosis than cold water drowning b) CPR within 10 mins of witnessed drowning is associated with good outcome c) It is recommanded Heimlich manoeuvre to be preform to patient with spontanously breathing d) Clinical differeces between fresh and salt water drowning have been demonstrated |
b)
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Definition of near drowning?
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Survival of any length after suffocation (asphyxia) due to submersion in a liquid medium
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Prognostic factors for near drowning?
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Good outcome:
- withnessed drowning - time to retrieval less than 5min - CPR within 10mins - First sponanously breath within 30min (v good neurology outcome) - Return of spontanously circulation before arrival at hospital (v good neurology outcome) |
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Presentation of barotrauma in a diver?
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Middle ear barotrauma (most common presentaiton)
Inner-ear barotrauma External - ear barotrauma Sinus barotrauma Gastrointestinal barotrauma Dental barotrauma Pulmonary barotrauma |
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Grading of severity of middle ear barotrauma?
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0 - symptoms without sign
1 - injection of TM 2 - Slight haemorrhage within TM 3 - Gross haemorrhoage within TM 4 - Free blood in middle ear 5 - Perforation of TM |
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Which is true for pulmonary barotrauma? (cam 858)
a) Pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum are assoicated with 20% of arterial gas embolism (AGE) b) If pneumonthorax present, recompression should be delay by inserion of ICC c) Pulmonary barotrauma can be treated conservatively in the abscent of AGE d) AGE always associated with CXR evidene of pulmonary barotrauma |
c) is true
a) Pul barotrauma ass with 50 % of AGE b) ICC need to be insert prior to recompression, The size of PTx will increase on depressurization d) only 5% of AGE had CXR evidence of barotrauma |
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Symptoms of cerebral gas emboli?
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LOC
Convulsion Visual disturbance deafness Cranial nerve palsies Asymmetric multiplegia |
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First aid for decompression injury?
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100% oxygen
supine position or Left lateral position present patient to sit up or stand up if ETT require --> fill with N saline (air will compress recompression chamber) |
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Key points in retrival to recompression chamber?
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- consider portable recompression chamber to patient
- Not appropriate for commercial aricraft unless can be fly lower and pressurize at sea level - Use pressurized air craft to 1ATA |
