9.26.2006 Embryology Of The Pharynx, Tongue, & Thyroid Gland

Front 1

In 4th week of development, a series of _____ (vert. bars of tissue) form in _____.

Back 1

arches; lateral & ventral aspects of pharyngeal wall

Front 2

The __th & ___th arches are rudimentary & don't leave external surface markings.

Back 2

5th & 6th

Front 3

The ___ arch will degenerate & form no derivatives.

Back 3

5th

Front 4

________ delineate the arches externally.

Back 4

Pharyngeal grooves (shallow ectodermal grooves)

Front 5

Pharyngeal grooves form in a _____ to ____ direction & not all at once.

Back 5

cranial to caudal

Front 6

The pharynx is continual posteriorly with the ______.

Back 6

esophagus

Front 7

Inside the pharynx, ___ (how many?) endodermally-lined pouches are sent out _______.

Back 7

4; laterally

Front 8

The pouches meet the pharyngeal grooves, which have ____-____ projection.

Back 8

outside to inside

Front 9

The pharyngeal arches are separated by ____ & _____.

Back 9

grooves & pouches

Front 10

The arches lie ____ to respective pouch and membrane.

Back 10

anterior

Front 11

The 1st pharyngeal arch is also called the ______ arch.

Back 11

mandibular--one of its derivatives is the mandible

Front 12

The 2nd pharyngeal arch is also called the ______ arch.

Back 12

hyoid arch

Front 13

The pharyngeal arch has bars of cartilage in each arch (PA cart.) that gives rise to ______.

Back 13

skeletal & fibrous structures in head & neck

Front 14

In each pharyngeal arch, there's a mass of musculature that forms _____.

Back 14

muscles of the head and neck

Front 15

Each pharyngeal arch has its own nerve supply from _____.

Back 15

a cranial nerve or its branch

Front 16

What do the cranial nerves of the pharyngeal arches supply?

Back 16

muscle, skin, & mucousa related to that particular arch

Front 17

Each pharyngeal arch has its own artery that courses thru each arch (called ___).

Back 17

aortic arch

Front 18

Some of the aoritic arches of pharyngeal arches give rise to ________.

Back 18

vessels in the adult

Front 19

_________ are a strip of cells that develop along the length of the embryo.

Back 19

Neural Crest Cells

Front 20

Neural Crest Cells develop __(dors/vent) & __ (med/lat) to developing neural tube.

Back 20

DORSAL & LATERAL

Front 21

The neural tube gives rise to ____ & ____.

Back 21

brain & spinal chord

Front 22

What are some derivatives of neural tube?

Back 22

all ganglia of ANS; medulla of adrenal gland; DRG of s.c; 1st 3 Pharyngeal Arches cartilages

Front 23

The 1st pharyngeal arch is unique b/c bones develop as ____ or ____.

Back 23

cartilage precursor (& later ossify) OR they ossify directly through mesenchyme

Front 24

In the first pharyngeal arch, the ____ & ____ ossify directly through mesenchyme.

Back 24

maxila & mandible bones

Front 25

The stomadeum is the primitave _____ cavity.

Back 25

oral

Front 26

The mandibular & maxillary prominances of 1st phary. arch bind the _______.

Back 26

stomadeum

Front 27

The mandibular & maxillary prominances are stuffed with _____.

Back 27

mesenchyme

Front 28

The 1st arch cartilage & mandibular process is called ________.

Back 28

Meckel's cartilage

Front 29

The 1st part of the pharyngeal arch cartilage forms ____ of middle ear.

Back 29

incus (middle bone)

Front 30

The 1st cartilage (Meckel's) forms ______, while the rest of the cartilage degenerates.

Back 30

malleus of middle ear ossicles

Front 31

The mesenchyme around the cartilage of PA 1 ossifies to form _______.

Back 31

mandible

Front 32

The mandible & maxillary bone are formed directly from _____.

Back 32

mesenchyme

Front 33

The ______ is NOT formed from Meckel's cartilage.

Back 33

mandible

Front 34

The cartilage of the maxillary process forms the ________.

Back 34

incus

Front 35

The mesenchyme of the maxillary process forms ___, ___, & _____.

Back 35

maxillary bone, zygomatic bone, & squamous portion of temporal bone

Front 36

The 2nd pharyngeal arch forms ______ cartilage.

Back 36

Reichert's

Front 37

The 1st arch has ___ bones & ____ bones associated with it.

Back 37

cartilage & membrane

Front 38

The 2nd arch cartilages give rise to form ____, ___, ___, ____ (all in a line).

Back 38

stapes, styloid process of skull, stylohyoid ligament, lesser horn&upper body of hyoid

Front 39

The 3rd arch cartilage ossifies to form ___ & ____.

Back 39

greater horn of the hyoid & lower part of body of hyoid

Front 40

The 5th arch cartilage forms _______.

Back 40

NOTHING--it regresses

Front 41

The 4th & 6th arch cartilages form ______.

Back 41

most of cartilage in larynx

Front 42

The 1st arch musculature 1º gives rise to ____ muscles (chewing/mastication).

Back 42

temporalis & masseter

Front 43

The 2nd arch musculature forms main muscles of ____.

Back 43

facial expression

Front 44

The 3rd arch musculature only has 1 derivative:_______

Back 44

stylopharyngeus muscle (elevates pharynx when we swallow)

Front 45

The 4th arch musculature forms __________.

Back 45

all muscles of pharynx except stylopharyngeus muscle

Front 46

The 4th arch musculature also forms ______.

Back 46

all muscles of soft palate w/one exception

Front 47

The 6th arch musculature forms small intrinsic musc. of ___. What do these do?

Back 47

larynx; regulate pitch of the voice

Front 48

CN ___ serves the 1st arch.

Back 48

V (trigeminal)

Front 49

The 3 branches of CN V are ____, ____, & ____.

Back 49

opthalmic; maxillary; mandibular

Front 50

CN ____ grows into the 2nd arch.

Back 50

VII (facial nerve)

Front 51

CN ___ supplies arch 3.

Back 51

IX (glossopharyngeal)

Front 52

CN __ supplies the 4th & 6th pharyngeal arch.

Back 52

X (VAGUS)

Front 53

The recurrent laryngeal supplies __ arch, while the superior & pharyngeal branches of vagus supply __.

Back 53

6; 4

Front 54

The ______ division of the CN V supplies mucosa of nasal cavity & hard palate.

Back 54

maxillary

Front 55

The ______ division of the CN V supplies mucosa of oral cavity. Which part?

Back 55

mandibular; 2/3 of tongue; floor of mouth (SENSORY)

Front 56

CN VII supplies _____ on soft palate & on anterior 2/3 of tongue.

Back 56

taste buds

Front 57

The glossopharyngeal nerve has sensory component to ______ & ______.

Back 57

posterior 1/3 of tongue & mucosa of wall of pharynx

Front 58

The vagus nerve innervates the mucosa of the _____.

Back 58

larynx