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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 major structures of the lower urinary tract
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ureters - urinary bladder - urethra
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ureters carry urine from ____ to ____ ____
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kidney - urinary bladder
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ureters location is ____peritoneal
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retroperitoneal
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____ forces urine into bladder
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peristalsis
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3 layers of the ureter
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mucosa - muscularis - adventitia
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the urinary bladder is a temporary urine ____ & is located ____
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storage - retroperitoneal
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2 major structures of the urinary bladder
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trigone - 3 layers
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trigone is made of ____ muscle & is the most common site of ____
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smooth - infection
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3 layers of the urinary bladder
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mucosa - muscular layer - adventitia
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mucosa is the ____ lining & is made of ____ CT
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inner - transitional
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major structure of the muscular layer
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detrusser muscle
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the muscular layer is made of ____ ____
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smooth muscle
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adventitia of the urinary bladder is the ____ CT covering
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outer
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infection of the urinary bladder is called
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cystitis
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urethra drains urine from the ____
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bladder
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2 structures of the urethra
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internal urethral sphincter - external urethral sphincter
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internal urethral sphincter is made of ____ muscle & is under ____ control
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smooth - involuntary
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external urethral sphincter is made of ____ muscle & is under ____ control
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skeletal - voluntary
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micturition is the act of …
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emptying the bladder
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micturition need is activated by ____ receptors in walls of ____
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stretch - bladder
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activation of micturition causes ____ muscle to contract & ____ ____ to relax
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detrussor - internal sphincter
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5 disorders of the urinary system is
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hydronephrosis
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hydronephrosis is ____ in ____ causing back up of urine
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blockage - ureters
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hydronephrosis exerts pressure on the ____
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kidney
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hydronephrosis can cause ____ of renal tissue
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necrosis
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pyelitis is infection of ____ ____ & ____
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renal pelvis - calyces
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pyelonephritis is infection of ____ ____
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entire kidney
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pyelonephritis is caused by ____ ____
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bacterial infection
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glomerulonephritis is inflammation of the ____
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glomeruli
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glomerulonephritis often are cause by ____ system response
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immune
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glomerulonephritis causes increased ____ of the ____ ____
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permeability - filtration membrane
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in glomerulonephitis ____ ____ & ____ may pass through into the urine
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blood proteins - blood
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in glomerulonephritis water seeps into ____ ____ causing ____ & possible ____ failure
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blood tissues - edema - kidney
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the cause of polycystic disease is ____
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inherited
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polycystic disease is progressive ____ of kidneys that run in the families
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degenerative
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in signs of polycystic disease, blister like sacs of ____, ____ & ____
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blood - mucus - urine
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uranalysis reading of cystitis
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↑nitrites - ↑pH - ↑leukocytes - ↑RBC
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uranalysis reading of glomerulonephritis
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↑pH - ↑proteins - ↑RBC + WBC
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