9.18.2006 The (Posterior) Leg

Front 1

The _____ is fairly hollow bone of leg.

Back 1

tibia ('flute')

Front 2

The ____ is a small sesmoid bone lodged in the lateral tendon of gastrocnemius.

Back 2

fabella

Front 3

The popliteal artery divides into _____ & _____ (sometimes _______ also).

Back 3

anterior tibial; posterior tibial; peronal (fibular)artery

Front 4

The peroneal artery runs _____ to fibia & is primarily a _____ artery.

Back 4

posterior; muscular artery

Front 5

The posterior tibial artery travels ______ to medial malleolus & enters _______.

Back 5

posterior; deep surface of foot

Front 6

The posterior tibial artery turns into _____ & ____ in sole of foot.

Back 6

medial & lateral plantar arteries

Front 7

Both the _____ artery & ____ artery have malleolar branches.

Back 7

posterior tibial & peronal arteries

Front 8

The posterior tibial artery has ______ arteries that go in & supply proximal tibia.

Back 8

NUTRIENT

Front 9

Most of the time the _____ artery becomes the DORSALIS PEDIS artery.

Back 9

ANTERIOR TIBIAL

Front 10

2-4% of the time, the _____ becomes the DORSALIS PEDIS artery.

Back 10

peroneal

Front 11

The dorsalis pedis can be palpated just___ to extensor hallucis longis tendon.

Back 11

LATERAL

Front 12

The posterior vein of the leg is the _______. It runs with the ______ nerve.

Back 12

small saphenous; sural

Front 13

The small saphenous arises from dorsal lateral foot and empties into _____ usually.

Back 13

popliteal

Front 14

The sciatic nerve descends & splits into ____ & ____ nerves.

Back 14

tibial & common fibular (peroneal)

Front 15

The tibial branch of the sciatic nerve gives off a __________ sural cutaneus n.

Back 15

MEDIAL SURAL CUTANEUS

Front 16

The common fibular (peroneal n.) gives off _______ sural cutaneus branch n.

Back 16

LATERAL SURAL CUTANEOUS

Front 17

The lateral sural cutaneous (from peroneal n.) has a communicatin branch that ___.

Back 17

becomes associated w/medial sural & forms the SURAL NERVE

Front 18

The most comon nerve biopsy is ________.

Back 18

sural nerve

Front 19

The anterior compartment of the leg contains the ______ (what muscle action?).

Back 19

dorsiflexors

Front 20

The lateral compartment of the leg contains the _______.

Back 20

everters

Front 21

Eversion=______
Inversion=_______

Back 21

pronation;
supination

Front 22

The posterior leg has 2 compartments separated by _________.

Back 22

transverse intermuscular septum

Front 23

The transverse intermuscular septum is also called ______ and is ______ to soleus.

Back 23

transverse crural septum; ANTERIOR to soleus

Front 24

The posterior compartment is bound by _______ & _____ (and deep fascia all around).

Back 24

interosseous membrane; posterior intermuscular septum

Front 25

Between the posterior & anterior intermuscular septum lies the ________.

Back 25

lateral compartment of leg

Front 26

The superficial posterior compartment contains: ___ (4 muscles)

Back 26

soleus, gastrocnemius, popliteus, & plantaris

Front 27

The deep posterior compartment contains: _____ (3 muscles)

Back 27

flexor hallicus longus; flexor digitorum longis; tibialis posterior

Front 28

The deep posterior muscles can ________, but their main role is ________.

Back 28

plantar flex; INVERSION-main role

Front 29

1/2 of gastrocnemius is muscle, 1/2 is tendon that attaches to _____.

Back 29

calcaneus bone of hind foot

Front 30

The achilles tendon is formed by ___, ___, & ___ tendons.

Back 30

gastrocnemius, soleus, & plantaris

Front 31

The _____ & ____ run in between the two bellies of the gastrocnemius.

Back 31

small saphenous & sural nerve

Front 32

The gastrocneumis arises from ____ & attaches to ____.

Back 32

lateral & medial supracondylar regions of femur; calcaneus

Front 33

The gastrocnemius is BIARTICULATE-- it can ____ & ____.

Back 33

flex knee & plantarflex foot

Front 34

The _____ is the proximal muscle behind gastrocnemius (NERVUS ASINORUM).

Back 34

plantaris

Front 35

The plantaris attaches into _______.

Back 35

achilles tendon or directly into calcaneus

Front 36

The soleus runs off of ____, ___, & ___.

Back 36

tibia, fibula, & sometimes interosseous membrane

Front 37

The ______ helps with short spurts of plantar flexion, while the ____ is strongest.

Back 37

gastrocnemius; soleus

Front 38

The ______ contracts during normal ambulation (soleus or gastrocnemius?).

Back 38

SOLEUS

Front 39

The 3 deep posterior muscles are: _____, _____, & _____.

Back 39

tibialis posterior; flexor digitorum longus; flexor hallucis longus (TomDickHary)

Front 40

The ____ is where popliteal vessels & tibial nerve descend to posterior leg.

Back 40

ARCUS TENDINEUS OF SOLEUS

Front 41

The flexor hallucis longus arises ____ from _____.

Back 41

laterally; fibula

Front 42

The flexor digitorum longus arises ____ from ____.

Back 42

medially, tibia

Front 43

The tibialis posterior arises in middle from ___, ___, & ____.

Back 43

tibia, fibula, interosseus membrane

Front 44

In the plane of teh deep posterior muscles you also find ___ & ____(2 arteries).

Back 44

posterior tibial artery; tibial nerve; peroneal artery

Front 45

________ is mneumonic for tendons/n.v. of deep posterior compartment.

Back 45

Tom Dick And Nervous Harry:
Tib.Post; FlexDIG.long; post.tib.Art.; tib.Nerve; flex.HallucisLong.

Front 46

______ is where the FHL & FDL CRISCROSS/decussate each other.

Back 46

Knot on Tree of Henry

Front 47

The soleus attaches to ___ on posterior tibia, as well as _______ of fibula.

Back 47

SOLEAL LINE-tibia; head, neck & proximal 1/3 of fibula (inverted U shape)

Front 48

The Tibialis Posterior's claim to fame is its ________.

Back 48

attachment to all midfoot bones as well as base of metacarpals 2-4)

Front 49

The _____ (from post. compartment) runs up base of the distal 1st phalanx.

Back 49

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Front 50

The ___ (from post. compartment) runs up base of the distal phalanxes 2-5

Back 50

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Front 51

The 1º plantar flexors of ankle are____. The posterior compartment hardly does it.

Back 51

soleus & gastrocnemius

Front 52

The ______ is what gives you the "spring" in your step.

Back 52

flexor hallucis longus

Front 53

The ________ innervates EVERYTHING on posterior leg.

Back 53

tibial nerve

Front 54

The ______ in posterior compartment has a significant muscle belly.

Back 54

flexor hallicus longus

Front 55

The POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY can be palpated just _____ to ______.

Back 55

POSTERIOR to MEDIAL MALLEOLUS

Front 56

When tibial nerve crosses medial malleolus, it splits into ___ & ____.

Back 56

lateral & medial plantar nerves

Front 57

The lateral and medial plantar nerves supply __& __ on plantar surface of foot.

Back 57

muscles & skin

Front 58

The 3 tendons in the deep posterior compartment each have their own _____.

Back 58

synovial sheath

Front 59

As the tendons in deep post. compartment run post. to med malleolus, _____ los detiene.

Back 59

flexor retinaculum

Front 60

The flexor retinaculum has SEPTATIONS which ______.

Back 60

give each tendon & neruovascular bundle its own compartment

Front 61

The flexor retinaculum runs superiorly from _____ & inferiorly from _____.

Back 61

medial malleolus; calcaneus

Front 62

The FHL enters a fibrotic canal formed by _______ (ledge of calcaneus bone).

Back 62

SUSTENTACULUM TALLI

Front 63

The SUSTENTACULUM TALLI acts as a _____ for tendon of FHL running ______ to ledge.

Back 63

PULLEY; inferior

Front 64

The SUSTENTACULUM TALLI allows for more effective flexion of ______.

Back 64

1st digit (b/c it's flexor hallucis longis passing by)

Front 65

The ________ is the strongest inverter of foot.

Back 65

Tibialis Posterior

Front 66

In the plantar region, the FDL & _____ cross one another.

Back 66

FHL

Front 67

Tarsal tunnel syndrome can occur deep to ________ & entrap the _____ nerve.

Back 67

flexor retinaculum; tibial

Front 68

If tarsal tunnel syndrome, ____ & ____ dysfunction will occur distal to this point.

Back 68

cuteneous & motor dysfunction to skin & muscles

Front 69

The tibial nerve gives off medial & lateral plantar nerves as well as _______.

Back 69

MEDIAL CALCANEAL CUTANEOUS NERVE

Front 70

The lateral calcaneal cutaneous nerve arises from ______.

Back 70

SURAL NERVE