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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what type of cartilage is in the trachea
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hyaline
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the shape of the trachea cartilage section is
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horseshoe-shaped
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what type of epithelium lines the trachea
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pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
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the epithelium of the trachea contain ____ ____ that produce ____
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goblet cells - mucus
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name of smooth muscle in the trachea
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trachealis muscle
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trachealis muscle allows food passage in ____ & contracts to decrease diameter to push ____ out with greater force
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esophagus - air
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the trachealis muscle is innervated by ____ & ____ nerves
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parasympathetic - sympathetic
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parasympathetic innervation to the trachealis muscle ____ to ____ airflow
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constricts - decrease
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sympathetic innervation to the trachealis muscle ____ to ____ airflow
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dilates - increase
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bronchus cartilage presence
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yes
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bronchus cartilage description
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plates of hyaline cartilage
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bronchus smooth muscle presence
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yes
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bronchus smooth muscle description
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more smooth as passageway becomes smaller
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bronchus epithelium type
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pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
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bronchiole cartilage presence
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no
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bronchiole cartilage description
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n/a
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bronchiole smooth muscle presence
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yes
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bronchiole smooth muscle description
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n/a
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bronchiole epithelium type
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simple columnar ET in larger openings - simple cuboidal ET in terminal bronchioles
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alveoli cartilage presence
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no
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alveoli cartilage description
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n/a
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alveoli smooth muscle presence
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yes
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alveoli smooth muscle description
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small bands of smooth muscle
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alveoli epithelium type
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simple squamous epithelium - no cilia or goblet cells - septal cells
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simple squamous ET AKA ____, is a source of ____ converting mechanism
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type 1 squamous cells - angiotensin
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septal cells in the alveoli AKA ____, produce ____ ____ to coat alveolar surfaces
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type 2 cells - pulmonary surfactant
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the bronchi is lined with ____ ____ ____ ET then decreases to ____ ____ ET & ____ ____ ET in bronchioles & end up as a ____ ____ ET in alveoli
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pseudostratified ciliated columnar - simple columnar - simple cuboidal - simple squamous
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how does the frequency of goblet cells change from the trachea to bronchioles
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less numerous the closer to bronchioles - non in alveoli
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how does the size & shape of hyaline cartilage sections change from trachea through bronchioles
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changes from horseshoe-shaped ring in trachea to irregular plates in bronchi - none in bronchioles
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what is the function of cilia in the trachea
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push microbes & debris-containing mucus up into esophagus
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surfactant is ____ & ____ complex that reduces ____ ____ within the alveoli
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protein - lipid - surface tension -
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surfactant is produced by …
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type 2 cells
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when is surfactant is produced
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last 2 months of fetal development
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