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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A-90. Define the locations of Zenker's, Traction, and Epiphrenic esophageal diverticula?
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Zencker: above upper esophageal sphincter
Traction: midpoint of esophagus Epiphrenic: above the lower esopahgeal sphincter |
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A-90. Describe Chronic Type A gastritis, its cause, clin pres, and associations.
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Grandular destruction and mucosal atrophy
Autoimmune Ab against gastric glands, parietal cells, and IF Cause pernicious anemia (lack IF) and associated with Hashimot's, Addison's Dz, and Vitiligo |
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A-90. Hyperplastic polyps are the most_______, common in those age_____, caused by_____, and have______ risk of becoming cancerous.
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Common - 50s and 60s - little to no risk for malignancy
Due to decreased epithelial cell turnover and accumulation of mature cells on the surface |
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A-90. Describe a villous adenoma?
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Has finger-like projections, common to in rectum/sigmoid colon, usually cause gross rectal bleeding
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A-90. What's Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome and how does it present?
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Inherited auto dom hamartomatous polyp disorder that is FPS of the entire bowel
Hyperpigmentation lips, palms, and soles - low cancer potential |
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A-90. A form of classic FAP with FAP colon polyps, malignant brain tumors, auto dom, high risk of polyps being cancerous....what is this dz?
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Turcot's Syndrome
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A-90. S/S of colon cancer?
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Most asymptomatic until late in their course
Right colonic cancer: iron def, +hemocult stool, no stool changes Left Colonic: +hemocult, change in bowel habits, and crampy LLQ pain, "penicl stools" |
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A-90. What GI dz leaves blood vessels more exposed, + hemocult and gross bleeding, and is painless?
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Diverticulosis
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A-90. What causes diverticulitis?
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Inflammation of diverticuli due to small particles like seeds, nuts, etc, LLQP, -hemocult, can cause sepsis
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A-90. C & C Crohn's Dz and Ulcerative Colitis.
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C Dz: rectum spared, skip lesions, transmural, non-caseating granulomas, crypt abscess, strictures, fissures, and distulas, + string sign on XR
UC: starts at rectum, cont lesions, mucosa/submucosa only, nongranu lesions, crypt absc, pseudopolyps, lead pipe colon |
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A-90. What test is the gold standard for malabsorption issues?
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Stool Fat Analysis
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A-90. What dz affects the small intestine, has "flat villi," anti-gliadin, gluten, endomysial Ab, and reticulum, and are at risk for MALT?
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Celiac Spure
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A-90. What is the cause and S/S of choledocholithiasis?
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Obstruction of common bile duct
Clay-colored stool, tea colored urine, elevated alkaline phosphatase and conjugated bilirubin |
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A-90. What causes Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and who is at risk?
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Non-infectious inflammation and sclerosis of bile ducts with eventual obliteration of all biliary ducts
Patients with hx of inflammatory bowel dz |
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A-90. What enzyme conjugates bilirubin?
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Uridine Disphosphate Glucuronosyl Transderase
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A-90. What is the difference between type I and II Crigler-Najjar dz?
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Type 1: absent UGT, no conjugation, lethal
Type 2: decreased UGT with chroninc elevation of unconj. bilirubin |
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A-90. How do can you tell acute from late HAV?
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Acute: HAV IgM
Late: HAV IgG |
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A-90. What is the source of HCV, labs, and epi?
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RNA Virus (flavivirus)
Episodic increases in AST/ALT Most common cause of transfusion hepatitis |
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A-90. In the hepatitis window period, what two tests will be negative?
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HBsAG and anti-HBs
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A-90. Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic hyaline inclusion are seen in?
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Alcoholic Cirrhosis
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