Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Myelin Sheath |
Covers neurons as an insulating layer |
|
|
Peripheral nervous system
|
Has two separate parts: the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system
|
|
|
Central nervous system |
Made up of your brain and your spinal cord
|
|
|
Motor neurons |
These carry messages from the CNS to effectors. Effectors are muscles or glands (tissues that secrete chemicals) that put the messages into effect
|
|
|
Sensory neurons
|
These carry messages from cells in the sense organs (such as your eyes, ears, tongue and skin) to the brain and spinal cord.
|
|
|
Metabolism |
Within your cells, a large number of chemical reactions take place. Collectively these reactions are known as metabolism—the chemical processes that maintain life and allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures and respond to their environments.
|
|
|
Enzymes |
These are organic catalysts—substances that speed up the rate of a reaction without being used up in the process.
|
|
|
Circulatory System
|
Arteries, capillaries and veins is an efficient system that carries materials to and from every cell of your body.
|
|
|
Liver |
Removes waste, breaks down hormones, creates bile, breaks down modified toxic substances, converts ammonia to urea |
|
|
Disease |
Anything that causes your body to stop working properly. A cause may be bacterial infection. |
|
|
Bacteria |
Microscopic, unicellular (one cell) organisms. |
|
|
Pathogens |
The kind of bacteria that cause disease |
|
|
Antibiotics |
Treats infection (bacterial) |
|
|
Penicillin |
The first successful antibiotic |
|
|
Immune system |
The bodies way of fighting illness, disease or infection |
|
|
Pus |
Dead white blood cells |
|
|
Macrophages |
Similar to neutrophils in that they consume and destroy the pathogens |
|
|
Antibody |
A chemical made by the immune system that makes it possible for white blood cells to destroy pathogens |
|
|
Vaccine |
Chemicals that cause your body to react as if it had encountered a pathogen |
|
|
Virus |
Cause many common illnesses, such as colds and flu. They also cause measles, mumps, rubella, warts |
|
|
Interdependent relationship |
Relationship between organisms, where each affects the other's survival
|
|
|
Environment |
All the factors in an organism's surroundings that affect it
|
|
|
Habitat |
Where an organism lives
|
|
|
Ecosystem |
A place where organisms and their physical surroundings form a balanced environment that is different from others nearby |
|
|
Competition |
Relationship between organisms that are trying to use the same limited resource |
|
|
Predation |
Relationship between two organisms, where one organism kills and eats the other |
|
|
Mutualism |
Relationship between two organisms living closely together, where each benefits the other
|
|
|
Parasitism |
Relationship between two organisms, where one organism lives on or in the other and feeds off it |
|
|
Adaption |
Features that an organism has that enable it to survive |
|
|
Structural adaptations |
A body part that helps an organism to survive. For example, a bat has wings for flying. |
|
|
Behavioral adaptation
|
a feature of an organism's habits, actions or way of life that helps it.
|
|
|
Functional adaptation
|
A feature of the way an organism's body works.
|
|
|
Producers |
Organisms that make food for the community
|
|
|
Consumers |
Organisms that require a ready-made source of food
|
|
|
Photosynthesis
|
Endothermic reaction that takes place in green plants. Uses energy from sunlight to combine water and carbon dioxide and produce glucose and oxygen gas.
|
|
|
Food chain |
A sequence of organisms feeding on each other
|
|
|
First-order consumer |
In a food chain, the position of a herbivore
|
|
|
Second-order consumer |
The animal feeding on the first-order consumer
|
|
|
Third-order consumer |
The animal feeding on the second-order consumer
|
|
|
Food web |
All the linked food chains in an ecosystem
|
|
|
Biodiversity |
The range of different species in a community
|
