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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 types of blood pressure regulation
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nervous regulation - chemical regulation - renal regulation
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4 nervous regulation controls
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sympathetic nerve fibers - vasomotor center in medulla - baroreceptors - chemoreceptors
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sympathetic nerve fibers cause …
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vasoconstriction of blood vessels
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vasoconstriction of blood vessels = ↓____ → ↑____ → ↑____ ____
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diameter - resistance - blood pressure
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vasomotor center is located in
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medulla oblongata
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vasomotor center in medulla controls ____ ____ & degree of ____ ____
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cardiac output - vessel constriction
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baroreceptors are …
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pressure sensitive mechanoreceptors
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baroreceptors are located in (3)
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aortic arch - carotid sinuses - large elastic arteries of head & thorax
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in baroreceptors, ____ will send impulses to ____ ____
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stretching - vasomotor center
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in baroreceptors, vasomotor center is inhibited → ____ of vessels & __creased heart rate + output → __creased blood pressure
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dilation - decreased - decreased
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chemoreceptors monitor ____, ____ levels, & ____...
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O₂ - CO₂ - pH of blood
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chemoreceptors are located in ____ & ____ bodies
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carotid - aortic
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chemoreceptors send impulses to ____ ____ if ____ or ____ drop or ____ rises
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vasomotor center - O₂ - pH - CO₂
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in chemoreceptors, vasoconstriction →
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↑BP
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5 chemical regulation controls
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epinephrine + norepinephrine - atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) - ADH - renin - other chemical controls
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in chemical regulation, epinephrine + norepinephrine stimulate
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vasoconstriction
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in chemical regulation, the effects epinephrine + norepinephrine
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cardiac output
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in chemical regulation, atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) release more sodium + water in ____ which ↓____ ____ → ↓____ ____
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urine - blood volume - blood pressure
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in chemical regulation, the effects of ANF
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↓BV → ↓BP
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in chemical regulation, ADH stimulates ____ to ____ ____
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kidneys - resorb water
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in chemical regulation, the effects of ADH
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↑BV → ↑BP
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in chemical regulation, renin is released from kidneys in response to …
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↓BP
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in chemical regulation, renin stimulates ____ (aldosterone system)
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angiotensin
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in chemical regulation, the effects of renin, kidneys reabsorb sodium & water →
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↑BV → ↑BP
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in chemical regulation, the effects of endothelin →
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↑BP
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in chemical regulation, the effects of nitric acid →
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↓BP
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in chemical regulation, the effects of inflammatory chemicals (histamine) →
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↓BP
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in chemical regulation, the effects of alcohol (inhibits ADH release + depresses vasomotor center) →
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↓BP
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alcohol inhibits ____ release & depresses ____ ____
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ADH - vasomotor center
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in renal regulation, ____ may alter blood pressure ____ & ____
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kidneys - directly - indirectly
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in renal regulation by the kidneys directly, increase blood pressure → more …
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blood filtered by kidneys
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in renal regulation by the kidneys directly, there is more ____ produced & released
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urine
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in renal regulation by the kidneys directly, ↓blood volume →
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↓BP
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in renal regulation by the kidneys indirectly, the renin/angiotensin system is activated with
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↓BP
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in renal regulation by the kidneys indirectly, vasoconstriction & water resorption due to ____ release
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aldosterone
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in renal regulation by the kidneys indirectly, the effects are
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↑BV → ↑BP
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