8:1 Lap: Hygiene

Front 1

Alopecia

Back 1

The loss of scalp hair (baldness) or body hair.

Front 2

Apocrine glands-

Back 2

Sweat glands located largely in the axillae and anogenital areas; they begin to function at puberty under the influence of “androgens”.

Front 3

Callus-

Back 3

A thickened portion of the skin.

Front 4

Cerumen

Back 4

The wax-like substance secreted by glands in the external ear canal.

Front 5

Dental Caries

Back 5

Tooth decay.

Front 6

Dentures

Back 6

Artificial teeth. Dentures can come in the form of a plate (a complete set of teeth for one jaw), or they may come in the form of a bridge (only a few artificial teeth).

Front 7

Dermis

Back 7

Connective tissue underlying the epitheliium of the skin.

Front 8

Eccrine glands

Back 8

Glands that produce sweat. They are the most numerous sweat gland found over most of the body. The sweat that they produce cools the body through evaporation.

Front 9

Gingivitis

Back 9

Periodontal disease. Red, swollen gingiva (gums), tissues that surround teeth

Front 10

Glossitis

Back 10

Inflammation of the tongue, can be caused by lack of B12

Front 11

Halitosis

Back 11

Bad breath, strong mouth odor or persistent bad taste in mouth

Front 12

Hygiene

Back 12

The science of health and its maintenance.

Front 13

Pediculosis

Back 13

(Lice) Lice are parasitic insects that infest mammals. Infestation with lice is called pediculosis.

Front 14

Plaque

Back 14

An invisible soft film that adheres to the enamel surface of teeth.

Front 15

Pruritus

Back 15

An unpleasant cutaneous sensation that provokes the desire to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.

Front 16

Tinea pedis

Back 16

(aka. Athletes foot) Usually caused by a fungus. Sometimes called “ringworm of the foot”.

Front 17

Factors affecting personal hygiene

Back 17

Culture, Religion, Environment (homeless), Developmental Level, Health and Energy, Personal Preferences ( may need dr order for shower)

Front 18

Functions of the skin condition and personal hygeine

Back 18

1. Protection of tissue from injury (stops microorganisms
2. Regulates body temp
3. Secretes Sebum (oil) lubricates
4. transmits sensation thru nerve receptors (pain, touch, temp, pressure)
5. Produces/stores Vitamin D
UV rays activate Vit D

Front 19

What does the skin secretion, sebum, do?

Back 19

Softens, lubricates hair (won't become brittle
Decreases water loss from skin during low humidity
Lessons the amount of heat loss from skin
Bacterial killling action

Front 20

Describe the three functional levels of care.

Back 20

0-completely independant
+1 requires use of equipment or device but manages care without another person
+2 semi independent requires another person for assist.
+3 Moderately dependent person plus equipment
++4 totally dependent, total care

Front 21

Identify NANDA’s four self-care deficit diagnoses.

Back 21

• Bathing/Hygiene
• Dressing/Grooming
• Toileting
• Feeding

Front 22

Assessing skin and hygiene practices.

Back 22

- A nursing health history to determine the client’s skin care, practices, self-care abilities, and past or current skin problems
B. Physical assessment of the skin.
C. Identification of clients at risk for developing skin impairments.( diabetes immobility)

Front 23

Discuss the following skin problem and related nursing implications: abrasions

Back 23

Superficial layers of skin scraped/rubbed away, with reddening, localized bleeding, serious weeping.
Implications: infection-should be kept clean/dry; Don't wear jewelry to prevent further damage; Lift, do not pull client across bed

Front 24

Discuss the following skin problem and related nursing implications: excessive dryness

Back 24

Skin appears flaky and rough.
Nursing Implications: Bath less frequently, no or non irritating soap; rinse thoroughly; encourage increased fluid intake, dry well encourage PO's

Front 25

Discuss the following skin problem and related nursing implications: ammonia dermatitis

Back 25

diaper rash, caused by bacteria reacting with urea in urine; skin becomes red and sore.
Implications: dry clean skin... apply preventive ointment containing zinc oxide to buttocks and perineum

Front 26

Discuss the following skin problem and related nursing implications ACNE

Back 26

Inflammatory condition with papules and pustules
Implication: keep skin clean, other treatments vary widely.

Front 27

Discuss the following skin problem and related nursing implications: erythema.

Back 27

Redness associated with a variety of conditions: rashes, exposure to sun, elevated body temp.
Implications: wash carefully to remove microorganisms; apply antiseptic to prevent itching, promote healing, and prevent skin breakdown

Front 28

Identify factors considered when planning personal hygiene for a client.
Planning to assist a client with personal hygiene includes:

Back 28

• Consideration of the client’s personal preferences, health, and limitations
• The best time to give the care.
• The equipment facilities and personnel available.

Front 29

Discuss general guidelines for implementing skin care.

Back 29

1. An intact, healthy skin is the body’s first line of defense. 2.Skin protection is based upon healthy cells 3. Moisture on skin increases bacteria 4. BO caused by resident skin bacteria + body secretions 5. Skin sensitivity varies among individuals and with health 6. Skin care agents have selective purposes.

Front 30

Discuss the nursing activities associated with the following: complete bed bath

Back 30

Nurse washes whole body of a dependent client in bed

Front 31

Discuss the nursing activities associated with the following: self-help bed bath

Back 31

Clients confined to bed are able to self-bath with assistance for necessary areas

Front 32

Discuss the nursing activities associated with the following: partial bath

Back 32

Certain body parts that are infected or odor, may be done at sink

Front 33

Discuss the nursing activities associated with the following: tub bath

Back 33

Bathed in tub

Front 34

Discuss the nursing activities associated with the following: shower.

Back 34

many ambulatory clients are able to use showers with minimum assistance. Long term care center often have showers

Front 35

Physical Assessment of the Skin:

Back 35

document when assessing, cleanliness, color, texture, tep., lesions, describe exactly what is observed and palpated, head to toe,good source of light,compare bi-lateral parts,

Front 36

Lessions

Back 36

document type, color, size, distribution or grouping, location and consistency,

Front 37

Physical Assessment Skin

Back 37

Identify any variables known to cause skin problems- deficient self care abilities, immobility, malnutrition, decreased hydration,decreased sensation, sun exposure, vascular problems, presence of irretants

Front 38

Physical Assessment of Oral Cavity

Back 38

any unusual odors, mastication ( chewing), and swallowing, Examine Lips color, moisture, lumps, ulcers, lesions, and edema

Front 39

Physical Assessment of Oral Cavity cont...

Back 39

movement of the uvula and conditions of the tonsils, Tongue, color, symmetry, movement, texture, lesions, teeth- decay, caries

Front 40

Periodontitis or periodontal disease

Back 40

is a marked inflammation of the gums also involves degeneration of the dental tissues (periosteum)

Front 41

Somatitis

Back 41

inflammation of the oral mucosa (virus, bacteria, trauma) heat pain increased flow of saliva, hallotosis

Front 42

Cheilosis

Back 42

ulceration of the lip, lack of vitamin B , cracks in edges of lips

Front 43

Physical Assessment

Eyes, Ears, Nose

Back 43

position, alignment, appearance, eye lashes, presence of cerumen ( redness, edema, crusting, tearing,bleeding,secretion, tenderness

Front 44

Physical Assessment

Hair

Back 44

texture,cleanliness,oilness,lesions, inflammations, infection Ex. dandruff, loss of hair or none, lice(pediculous), ticks Ex. Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain fever

Front 45

Physical Assessment

Nails and Feet

Back 45

capillary refill, contour of nail bed, intactness of skin, swelling inflammation, lesions, tenderness, orthopedic problems

Front 46

Physical Assessment

Perineal and Vagina

Back 46

males for lesions, swelling, inflammation,excoriation, tenderness, and d/c
woman -color, size, masses almost the same

Front 47

Physical Assessment

Anal area

Back 47

cracks, nodules, distended veins, masses or polyps. Note odors

Front 48

Nursing Diagnosis

Back 48

a careful assessment of the skin, mucous, membranes, and other body, areas may lead, to the identification numerous pt problems that can be classified as a nursing diagnosis

Front 49

Early morning Care

Back 49

upon wakening providea bedpan/urinal, wash face and hands give oral care oral

Front 50

Morning Care

Back 50

usually after breakfast Bath, shower, elimination perineal care, back massage, oral mail and hair care, make bed

Front 51

Afternoon Care

Back 51

elimination, wash hands and face

Front 52

Hour of Sleep

Back 52

HS care-provided prior to retiring for the night, provides bedpan/urinal, wash hands and face, oral care and back massage

Front 53

PRN

Back 53

As needed rquired by the pt

Front 54

Histutism

Back 54

excessive hair on a person's body or face, particulary in woman Implications: shaving, tweezing,electrolysis, Enhance self concept

Front 55

Back Massage

Back 55

1. To relieve muscle tension ,2. promote physical and mental relaxation3. relieves insomnia
Can do assessment then planning
prone or side lying