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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two organisms responsible for superficial mycoses? |
Candida and Dermatophytes |
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Where can we find Candida infections? |
Usually in the mucous membrane and moist skin. Chronic infections may involve scalp, skin and nails |
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Where can we find dermatophyte infections? |
Usually skin, hair and nails |
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What is the azole mechanism of action? |
Inhibit biosynthesis of ergosterol |
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What is Griseofulvin's mechanism? |
Inhibit fungal mitosis by binding to components of microtubules |
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What is Nystatin;s mechanism? |
Interference with structural ergosterol |
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What is allylamine;s mechanism of action? |
Inhibition of squalene epoxidase/ergosterol |
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What is Tolnaftate's mechanism of action?
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Unknown mechanism |
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What is the mechanism of action for Undecylenic acid? |
Inhibition of fungal hyphae |
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What is ciclopirox's mechanism of action? |
Chelation of iron |
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Possible cause of Onychomycosis? |
Dermatophytes or Candida |
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Treatment for onychomycosis (Fungal nail infection)? |
Use of oral antifungal drugs (terbinafine) |
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How do viruses reproduce? |
Use of host biochemistry |
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Medicine used for herpes? |
Acyclovir |
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Acyclovir specifics? |
- 1st Line - Inhibits viral replication by suppressing synthesis of viral DNA - Prodrug |
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What are the therapeutic uses of Acyclovir? |
- HSV Genitalia - HSV Mucocutaneous - IV: Immunocompromised - Oral for herpes zoster |
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What class of virus does Cytomegalovirus fall under? |
Herpesvirus Group |
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What organ can hepatitis be found in? |
The liver |
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Three drugs for Hepatitis C? |
- Interferon Alfa - Ribavirin - Boceprevir |
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What kind of inhibitor is Boceprevir? |
Protease |
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Two drug types for Hepatitis B? |
- Interferons and Nucleoside Analogs |
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What kind of infection is influenza? |
Serious respiratory tract infection |
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Described the Flu Vaccine |
Inactivated / Live attenuated infection |
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What are two influenza drugs? |
- Neuraminidase Inhibitors - Adamatanes |
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What is RSV and how do we treat it? |
Respiratory Syncytial Virus, treat it with Palivizumab |
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What does HIV/AIDS stand for? |
Human immunodeficiency virus / Acquired Immunodeficiency Virus |
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How does HIV cause illness? |
Will induce immunodeficiency |
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What kin of therapy to help against HIV? |
Antiretroviral therapy |
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Characteristics of HIV? |
- Can't self replicate - Simple structure - Has two RNA strands of reverse transcriptase - Surrounded by core proteins - GP120 to bind to cells |
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What is the HIV/AIDs Virus replication cycle? |
1. Attachment
2. Fusion 3. Reverse transcription 4. Replication 5. Integration 6. Transcription 7. Translation 8. Migration and Assembly |
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What is the course of HIV Infection? |
1. Initial Stage: Massive replication
2. Middle Stage: Latency 3. Late stage: AIDS <200 T cells/mL |
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Mechanism of NRTIs and NNRTIs? |
1. Incorporation into growing DNA (Stops reverse transcriptase). 2. Bind to reverse transcriptase (Direct inhibition) |
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What are three tests to diagnose HIV? |
1. T-Cell Count 2. HIV Antibody levels 3. Plasma HIV RNA Levels |
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What the benefits of early intervention for AIDS? |
- Decrease viral load - Slow progress to AIDs - Lower transmission risk |
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What are early intervention of AIDS drawbacks? |
Lowering of quality of life |
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How do HIV +ve mothers transfers HIV to their children? |
Vertically |
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Can you eliminate chances of HIV through prophylactic treatment? |
No |
